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BUSINESS CHAP 18 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - where equipmennt used in factory is controlled by a computer to carry out mechanical process
    - - where the production is done by machines but operated by people
    - - computer software that draw items being designed more quickly. It is used to design new product or to re-style existing products
    - - where computers monitor the production process and control machines or robots on the factory floor
    - - the total integration of CAD and CAM
  - - - where the electronic cash register is connected to the retailer's main computer and also to banks over a wide area computer network
    - - it is a fast, easy and secure way to pay for purchases that are less than a small amount (in Uk this is £30 or less)
    - - used at checkouts where the operator scan barcode of each item individually
- - - - most suitable for personal services or 'one-off' products
      - products meet the exact requirements of the customer
      - workers have more varied jobs (not just 1 task)
      - more varied jobs → increase employee motivation
      - flexible and used high-quality goods and services → higher price can be charged
    - - labour intensive → costs are higher
      - production often takes long time
      - skilled labour is often used → raise cost
      - any errors can be expensive to correct
      - purchasing special materials → higher costs
    - - where a single product is made at a time
  - - - where a quantity of 1 product is made, then a quantity of another item will be produced
    - - still gives some variety to workers' jobs
      - more variety to products → more consumer choice
      - flexible way of working, production can easily be changed from 1
        product to another
      - if machinery breaks down → production may not be affected
    - - machines have to be reset → delay in production → output is lost
      - warehouse space will be needed → costly
      - can be expensive if semi-finished products will need moving to the next production stage
  - - - where a large quantities of a product are produced in a continuous process (mass production)
    - - can operate 24 hours a day
      - costs of making item are low → prices are low
      - high output of standardised product
      - may require only unskilled workers - little training is needed
    - - a significant storage requirements
      - the capital cots of setting up the production line can be very high
      - very boring system → lack of motivation
      - if 1 machine breaks down → a whole production line will have to be halted