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Semiconductors, Working with transistors, Basic electric components,…
Semiconductors
N-type or P-type
N-type: more negative charges
Arsenic or phosphorus
P-type: more positive charges
Boron or gallium
better than insulators, worse than conductors
can be improved with doping
impurities in the atom
Working with transistors
Class
General reliability
Case
Plastic or metallic
Voltage
Minimum and maximum voltage
Gain
Measured with hFE
Current
Min/max collector current
Frequency
Max frequency tolerated
Power
Basic electric components
Capacitor
Store electric charges
Armor plates and dielectric
Capacitance in Farads
Diode
Made of two semiconductors
Current in one direction
Changes AC into DC
Inductor
Block or transfer current
coil of wire in a core
Inductance in Harry
Resistor
controls the flow of the current
Made of different materials
Transistors
Two layers of different semiconductors
Base
Emitter
Collector
As switch or amplifier
As switch: block/unblocks the current
As amplifier: boost the current
Control the flow of electricity
Colour coding of components
Value of the component
Four different bands
Band 3
Multiplier
Band 4
Tolerance
Band 1 and 2
First two values
12 different colors
9 for the bands
3 for the tolerances