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Neoplasia, Etiology: Ultraviolet light, arsenic ingestion, radiation…
Neoplasia
Basal cell carcinoma
Etiology: risk factors associated with BCC including exposure to UV light, genetic factors, long-term immunosuppression, and arsenic ingestion.
Method of transmission: a genetic predisposition for BCC as seen in several syndromes, such as nevoid basal cell carcinoma, may be transmitted to offspring.
Characteristics: 85% is found in the head and neck region the tumor becomes nodular incise the central area of the nodule becomes depressed and ulcerated and may become crusted the lesion borders are raised. Basal cell carcinoma rarely appears intraorally. The rays pearly borders with a visible capillary network surrounding a central depressed crusted in area is the most distinguishing feature
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Treatment and prognosis: treatment options for BCC include surgical excision, laser surgery, freezing with liquid nitrogen, burning, and radiation therapy
Melanoma
Tanning beds, sun lamps, recreational exposure, a history of this planet love you and you’re having a large number of Nephi put an individual at a higher risk
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Characteristics: melanomas may present with a wide range of clinical characteristics and may mimic the characteristics of benign pigment lesion such as nervous. The patient may report a change in sensation such as itching or numbness associated with the area. They vary in color with a slightly raised irregular border. Remember the ABCDEs of melanoma
Dental implications: the clinician should observe all visible pigmented areas using the ABCDE method and refer any suspicious areas for a valuation
Treatment and prognosis: it is responsible for the majority of deaths associated with skin cancer the prognosis associated with a particular melanoma depends on the thickness of the original, or primary, lesion and whether there has been metastasis to regional lymph nodes
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Squamous cell carcinoma
Method of transmission: associated with HPV occurs only after infection with the virus; otherwise SCC is not transmissible.
Characteristics: develops in a pre-existing actinic keratoses Presents as painless, nonhealing, Rough ,erythematic , scaly papule that cause itching
Dental implications: lesions presenting as painless, nonhealing ulcer’s should be suspected as being SCC and should be biopsied
Treatment and prognosis: surgical excision, laser surgery, freezing with liquid nitrogen, burning, radiation, and PDT The prognosis is Depending on the severity of the carcinoma
Etiology: Ultraviolet light, arsenic ingestion, radiation therapy, areas that were previously burned, genetics, and skin diseases or injuries that cause scarring. A distinguishing characteristic of SCC is any nonhealing lesion