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Phonology The study of the sound system of language: the rules that govern…

- - - - Bilabial: primary constriction is at the lips
      - Labiodental: Primary constriction is between lower lip and upper teeth
      - Interdental: Primary constriction is between the lower lip and upper teeth
      - Alveolar: Primary constriction is between the tongue and alveolar ridge
      - Palatal: Primary constriction is between the tongue and palate
      - Velar: Primary constriction is between the tongue and the velum
      - Glottal: the space between the vocal cords
    - - Tongue Height: lips are round or spread
      - Frontness: tongue is in front or back
      - Lip Rounding: tongue is either high, mid, or low
      - Tenseness: vocal musculature is tense or lax
    - - Stops: Complete closure of the vocal tract
      - Fricatives: Flow of air is impeded but not completely blocked
      - Affricates: Begin linke "stops" and end like "fricatives"
      - Nasals: airflow through the mouth is completely blocked, velum is lowered, forcing air through nose
      - Liquids and Glides: mid-way between true consonants and vowels