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specialised plant cell - Coggle Diagram
specialised plant cell
GROUND TISSUE: PHOTOSYTHESIS;STORAGE AND SUPPORT
The parenchyma is found in all the organs of plants and it is composed of live cells with thin primary walls that are able to divide themselves along their entire life. This tissue achieves two main functions:
In roots and stems, this tissue storages reserve substances, such as starch. Some plants save starch in parenchymatic tissues of very modified stems, just like in the tuber of the potato plant.
In leaves, we find a type of parenchyma, the chlorenchyma that contains a large number of chloroplasts and they accomplish photosynthesis.
he collenchyma is composed by live cells with irregular thick walls. It is found in the whole plant and provides support without limiting its growth since it can extend while the plant develops.
The sclerenchyma is formed by cells with thick walls that provide support and in some cases are used as a defensive tool from insects’ attacks.
These tissues are useful for the storage of nutrients, perform photosynthesis and provide support to the plants. There are three types of ground tissues: parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma.
DERMAL TISSUES: PROTECTION
STOMAS
the stomas are found in the leaves’ epidermis. They are structures that allow gas exchange of the plant and control loss of water.
EPIDERMIS:
The epidermis covers the leaves and young parts of the plants. It is covered by a waxy substance called cuticle, that is waterproof so it avoids the loss of water (retention of water) and makes them shine.
TRICHOMES
in the roots the cuticle forms thin hairs called trichomes that help the absorption of water and nutrients.
SUBER
it is found in the stems and roots of the woody plants and it acts as an insulating and protecting layer. It is composed by several layers
The dermal tissue covers the leaves, stems and rootsand also the flowers,fruits and seeds.
MERISTEMATIC TISSUES: GROWTH
is considered embrionary because its’ cells are capable of continued cellular division and they maintain the ability to differentiate.
The primary tissues are found in the tip of the stems and roots and are responsible for increasing the length.
The secondary tissues are found along the sides of roots and stems and are responsible for increasing the width or diameter of plants.
are found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.The meristematic tissues are classified into primary and secondary.
VASCULAR TISSUES: TRANSPORTATION OS SUBSTANCES
The tracheids are thin and sharps cell with a lot of holes that from the xylem.
Companion cell
The xylem is found in the central part of the stem. Its responsible of the transportation of raw sap, composed by water, minerals ect
The phloem is found towards the periphery of the stems and allow the tranportation of elaborated sap fomed sugars and other syntehezided nutrients.
Lev
Just like the circulatory system is the one in charge of transporting substances in our organism, the plants also need structures that carry out this function.