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The Molecules of Climate Change, Sulfates can be produced from volcanos in…
The Molecules of Climate Change
Greenhouse Gasses
Carbon Dioxide
Mainly produced synthetically from coal, oil, natural gas, and other carbon-rich industrial processes
Number one driver of climate change - it absorbs heat effectively, 81% of greenhouse gas emissions are from carbon dioxide and it stays in the atmosphere for over a century
Water Vapor
Most effective gas of trapping heat however it cannot build up in large quantities because water vapor will turn into liquid water through precipitation
Absorbs infrared very effectively because of the hydroxyl bond (the OH bond)
Nitrous Oxide
Lasts in the atmosphere for more than a century
30% of Nitrous Oxide in the atmosphere is produced from agriculture and industrial use
Methane
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Mainly produced from organic waste, coal, natural gas, and oil
Lasts in the atmosphere for around a decade
Absorbs and traps heat 28 times better than carbon dioxide
Ozone
Absorbs and traps heat 1000x as strong as carbon dioxide when in the troposphere
Produced through photolysis in the stratosphere or produced through vehicle and industrial emissions mixing with volatile organic compounds
Fluorinated Gases
Emitted by man made industrial processes
Fluorine atoms create a larger separation of electric charge within the molecule which helps the molecular bonds absorb electromagnetic radiation very effectively
Examples include hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and others
Aerosols
Natural Aerosols
Ash :
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Produced from volcanoes
Cools the earth through ash absorbing light in the atmosphere which shades the earth and cools the ground beneath
A mixture of rock, mineral, glass particles, and sulfates
The dark black color absorbs light causing more heat to be produced, however, most of it will be transported into the atmosphere
Dust
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Produced from winds blowing dust into the atmosphere
One of the most abundant aerosols in the atmosphere
Salt
Produced from winds currents in the ocean
Usually reflects all light which cools the surface
One of the most abundant aerosols in the atmosphere
Pollen :sunflower: :wilted_flower:
Produced from flora and transported through wind
Man Made Aerosols
Carbon Particles
Produced from forest fires, vehicle traffic and biomass burning
The dark black color absorbs light causing more heat to be produced
Will also shade the earth and trap heat in the atmosphere (if situated in the atmosphere) which leaves the ground beneath it cooler
Sulfates
Produced from coal power plants and fossil fuel combustion
Any molecule that contains the nitrate anion
Nitrates
Produced from biomass burning, synthetic fertilizers and fossil fuel production
Any molecule that contains the nitrate anion
Sulfates can be produced from volcanos in ash
Oxidation of methane produces
carbon dioxide
+ water vapor
Oxidation of methane produces carbon dioxide +
water vapor
Dusts can be comprised of mineral salt
