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Microbial causes of gastric + abdominal cavity disease 1 [Virus] - Coggle…

- - - - Glycoprotein spikes (peplomers)
        
        Cell adhesion + entry
    - - High mutation rate
  - - - Fatal immune disease
        
        Widespread granulomatous phlebitis + periphlebitis
        
        Dysregulation of immune system
        
        T cell , NK cells depletion
        
        Hyperammaglobilinaemia
      - Requirements
        
        Systemic infection
        
        Sustainable replication within monocytes
        
        Activation
        
        Systemic damage to vascular endothelium
        
        Lining membrane blood vessels
        
        Lungs; abdominal organs; brain; eyes
    - - undergoes mutation
        
        --> becomes virulent FIPV
        
        Infrequently spread
        
        Gain macrophage trophism
        
        Enhanced macrophage uptake
        
        Sustained replication in macrophages
      - Infectious, self-limiting
  - - - Purebred
      - Males
      - Young cats < 2 years
    - - Non-specific
      - (Effusion)
        
        Distended abdomen (effusive form)
        
        Dry form
      - Pyogranulomatous serositis
        
        Multiple organ involvement
        
        Liver; abdominal lymph nodes; GIT
        
        Uveitis
    - - Direct immunofluorescence - effusion
        
        Virus filled macrophages
        
        Highly specific , lower sensitivity
      - Immunohistochemistry - tissue samples
        
        Intra-nuclear inclusions in macrophages
        
        Pyogranuloma lesions
    - - Effusion analysis
        
        High protein + low cellularity
        
        Neutrophils + macrophages
        
        Albumin:globulin = <0.4
      - Haematology
        
        Elevated serum globulin + Reduced serum albumin
        
        Albumin:globulin = <0.8
      - PCR
        
        Unable to distinguish virulence
        
        Viral load
- - - - Systemic viraemia
        
        Vascular endothelium + parenchyma
        
        Haemorrhage and necrosis
        
        Acute hepatitis
        
        Chronic hepatic fibrosis
    - - Virions released via cell lysis
    - - Initial replication in cervical lymphoid tissue
  - - - Genetically stable
        
        Effective vaccines
        
        Part of C3 core vaccinations
        
        CAV2 strain
        
        Cross protection
        
        Humoural immunity
      - Environmentally stable
    - - Persistent infections
        
        Prolonged shedding
        
        Faeces, urine, saliva
        
        Kidney localisation
        
        Focal interstitial nephritis
  - - - Severe liver disease
        
        Enlarged liver with rounded edges
        
        Abdominal pain; vomiting; diarrhoea; jaundice
      - Coagulopathy
        
        Petachiae; ecchymoses; haematuria
      - Kidney disease
        
        Immune complex glomerulonephritis
      - Ocular disease
        
        Recovery phase
        
        Corneal oedema + anterior uveitis
        
        Immune complex deposition
        
        Live attenuated CAV1 strains vaccination
      - Pyrexia >40 DegC
      - Respiratory disease
        
        Tracheobronchitis
    - - Intracelullar inclusion bodies
      - IFA
        
        Viral antigen
      - PCR
  - - - IV fluids ; blood transfusion
    - - Core vaccine C3