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Typhoon Haiyan - November 2013, Eyjafjallajokull, Haiti, St judes storm,…
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Eyjafjallajokull
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Economic impacts
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Japanese car manufacturer nissan halted production of several models for one day becuase parts could not be imported from ireland
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Haiti
Social impacts
220,000 people were killed
300,000 people were injured
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St judes storm
Impacts
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the helter skelter in clacton pier was blown over and the orangutan enclousure in colchester zoo was damaged
More than 850,000 homes in the UK lost power at some point
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causes
the storm formed becuase of a depression forming off the east coast of the USA along the cold polar front
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the storm was helped east by the reminants of an old tropial storm that helped to add warm air into the storm
Forecasting
the met office predicted the storm with good accuracy and the storm was modeled before it had formed
At first the forecast said that the storm was likely to pass over the south of the country however it was soon changed to predict a more northerly track
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Amazon
Facts
The amazon is the worlds largest tropical rainforest, it covers 40% of the south american continent and includes parts of eight countries,
It is home to 1000 species of birds and 60,000 species of plants. as well as 10 million species of insects
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Lagos
Lagos challenges
Squatter settlements and slums are common, 65 percent of lagos live in settlements like this, therefore there are many problems with population health and access to clean water.
Makoko slum is the larges slum in lagos, the neibourhood is located between the third mainland bridge and the mainland. Around on third of the community is built on stilts over the lagoon and the rest is on land
The population of makoko is thought to be around 85,000 however it is not known becuase it was not counted int he last official census
Many of the people who live in makoko do not officially own the land they are living on so they can be easily evicted at any time
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Water pollution is a large problem in Lagos uncontrolled sewage and sediment carrying runoff has created a very low water cleandliness, therefore diesases such as cholera are starting to affect people without access to clean water.
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Lagos has very high levels of air pollutions with lots of toxic gases such as dust and nitrous oxide
Lagos produces 13 millionkg of waste every day however there is no offical collection for all of this, therefore this waste causes big issues with health cn leak into water suplies e,c,t
Traffic is also a large issue, the roads are very outdated and are designed for a much smaller population, this combinec with lots of people being able to afford cars has led to many traffic jams int he city, this produces lots of pollution.
Importance of lagos
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Lagos only covers 0.4% of the land in nigeria but it accounts for 60% of buisness and commercial ventures
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Compared to other cities in africa Lagos does not rely on oil reserves for income and its economy has diversified to manufacturing and transport.
Causes of growth
Many people migrate to lagos becuase of urban pull factors such as better healthcare and rural push factors such as bad crop yields
There is still a large natural increase becuase many of the people are young - over half the population are under 25
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Lagos opportunities
Economic
Jobs in the formal sector such as lawyers and finance are only avaliable in lagos and are not common in rural areas of the country, these jobs offer competitive wages which allow for people to send money home to their families
Social
The health care in lagos is much more advanced than most of the country. However the medicine is still expensive and many people cannot afford it.
There are also mroe schools in lagos than in other areas, education is seen as a passport out of poverty becuase it allows more people to work in the formal sectors earning more money,
Lagos is investing lots of money into the Lagos Rail Mass Transport System however the city is very congested.
People in lagos have better access to electricity than other areas of the country. the power fails often however there are two new power stations planned for the future. The wealthiest buildings rely on generators when the power goes out.
the water supply in lagos is also not very reliable and only the wealthiest buildings have a piped supply of water, however, it is possible to buy water from a street vendor or use a communal tap, which is substantially better than some parts of the country where people have to walk miles everyday to get water.
Informal economy
The informal economy also allows for people to earn more then they would normally in different parts of the country with activities such as working in the olosun dump and working as a street vendor selling food
The problems with the informal economy is that there is no miniumum wage or sick pay, and that people often have to work in dangerous conditions.
China SNWTP
Facts
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The project aims to transfer 44.8 billion cubic meters of water from Yangtze river in the south to the Yellow River basin in the north of the country
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The water transfer is needed becuase of high levels of economic development in the north of the country.
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Advantages
The scheme will reduce the amount of water needing to be extracted from ground water in bejing which will help to further develop the city.
The project will also help china to help deal with climate change, water pollution and droughts.
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london
Opportunities
London is a global travel hub, since 2000 journeys via private car have decreased however public transport has risen by 40%. London also has several major airports such as gatwick, heathrow and stansted. Heathrow is the seventh largest airport in the world.
London is also one of the most visited cities in the world, this industry supplies 19000 londoners with jobs. 19 milion people visit london every year from abroad.
Green space, London is the city in the world with the most green space, 65% of the city is either gardens, parks or water.
London is a very cultural diverse city, over one third of londoners were born abroad, and over 2 million londoners do not speak english at home. There are over 300 languages spoken in london, more than in any city in the world
Importance and location
London is located on the south east of england on the thames river, it is easily accessable from other major cities in europe such as Paris, Milan and Rome by plane and can also be accessed easily from the rest of the UK via motorways such as the M1.
Within europe london is part of the main economic zone, this puts it as one of the most influential and important cities in the country.
On adverate londonders earn £152 more than the UK adverate, however living costs are also £106 more