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definitions - Coggle Diagram
definitions
combustion
the process of burning in elements
fuel+oxygen ----> water +carbon dioxide
CH4+02----> H2O+CO2
a magnesium metal strip + oxygen ---> white powder
if reaction is in pure oxygen, the same reaction occurs just much much faster, brighter and hotter
all metal oxides are bases so magnesium oxide should form an alkali if they dissolve in water
subatomic particles
neutrons
0 relative charge (neutral)
+1 relative mass
(the centre of the atom)
electrons
-1 relative mass
-1 relative charge
found in the energy levels (shells) around the nucleus
protons
+1 relative charge
+1 relative mass
found in the nucleus (the centre of the atom)
solution
homogeneous mixture
two or more substances
compound
different types of atoms joined together
examples: hydroxide, nitrate, sulphate
element
one type of atom joined on its own or to another atom of the same type
examples: anything on the periodic table
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mixture
different types of atoms joined together
examples: milk, oil
atoms
tiny particles that make up everything
molecules
more than one atom chemically bonded together
malleable
being able to be bent into shape without breaking
metals are malleable
diffusion
the spreading out of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration
solute
things that dissolves e.g. sugar
solvent
the thing that makes the solute dissolve
isotopes
atoms of the same element
abundance
how much/many
atomic number
number of protons
mass number
the total number of protons and neutrons
radioisotope
an isotope with an unstable nucleus
reactant
the original substance in a chemical reaction
valence electron
electrons found in the outermost shell
monatomic ion
an ion formed from a single atom
ionic bond
the attraction between oppositely charged ions
lattice
A term representing a structure made of ions of sorts.
exothermic reaction
a chemical reaction where heat is released
endothermic reaction
a chemical reaction where energy is absorbed
neutralisation
a reaction of an acid with a base forming a salt and water
product
a chemical substance that results from a chemical reaction
colour of acid with universal indicator
red
colour of a base with universal indicator
blue/purple
number of electrons = number of protons
