Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Oceans and coastal margins, 1 ocean-atmosphere interactions - Coggle…
Oceans and coastal margins
2 oceans & coastal interactions
erosional processes & landforms
glaciation
fjords
marine processes
abrasion
hydraulic action
wetting & drying
solution/carbonation
sub-aerial processes
mass movements
weathering
human activities
biotic factors
depositional processes & landforms
sea level changes
isostatic
eustatic
Advancing and Retrieving Coastline
advancing coastlines
retreating coastlines
Coastal landscape processes
Lithology: physical characteristic of rocks
Geological structure
sediment supply
tides
waves
3 managing coastlines
Drainage
Sea walls
gabions
Offshore breakwaters
Revetments
Rock armor (rip rap)
Groin/groyne
Straw bales
Plastic mesh reinforcement
Sovereignty rights of the sea
territorial sea
12 nautical miles from the low-water mark of a coastal state (foreign ships are allowed innocent passage)
contiguous zone
internal water
exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
extending 200 nautical miles from the coastline. The country has right to use or conserve all resources within their EEZ.
high sea
Ocean that does not belong to anyone: freedom of navigation, freedom of overflight, etc.
Coral reefs and mangrove
biodiversity
restoration
planting resilient corals
afforestation
flow restoration
conservation
marine protected area (limited activities)
global fishing treaty
aquaculture
threats
overfishing
dynamite fishing
cyanide fishing
rising sea temperature
invasive species
ballast discharge at sea
aquaculture & deforestation
mangrove
benefits
nurseries for fish
provide protection from tropical storms
wood
food source
trap sediment (reduce coastal erosion)
protect reefs
filter farm runoff and other chemicals
sand dune restoration
vegetation
conflicting coastal use pressures
Phuket case study
4 ocean mgmt futures
abiotic resource extraction
oil drilling
climate change & ocean acidification
oil spills
Deep Water Horizon 2010 Gulf of Mexico
the Arctic scramble
deep sea mining
hydrates
biotic resource extraction
overfishing
aquaculture
quotas & international treaties
Geopolitical
South China Sea dispute
the Arctic scramble
ocean pollution
plastics
farm runoff
Oil spill
:
1 ocean-atmosphere interactions
Ocean currents
Gyres
Any large circulation of ocean currents
Great Ocean Conveyor Belt
Coriolis effect
the apparent deflection of objects moving in a straight path relative to the Earth's surface caused by the inertial force that acts on objects that are in motion within a frame of reference that rotates with respect to an inertial frame. :
Conveyor belt
A global scale circulation of slow moving ocean currents which transfers heat from the equator to poles
Cause of upwelling
Brings up deep sea nutrients and microorganisms
Upwelling
source of ocean food web
Thermohaline currents
a part of large scale ocean currents driven by highly dense materials and gradients created by surface heat and freshwater fluxes.
El Niño Southern Oscillation
La Nina
El Nino
Walker Circulation
Hurricanes
Storm surges
Massive flooding
CO2 and the ocean
ocean acidification
Loss of coral and other marine lives
Emissions of CO2
Human activity
Carbon Sink
Ocean
Plants
Soil