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Chronic Venous Insufficiency - Coggle Diagram
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Causes
Obstruction of venous valve/ reflux of blood through valve
Venous HTN (ie. w/ DVT)
Distended veins; prevent from closing
Hx of DVT
Virchow Triad
Stasis
Vascular injury
Hypercoagulability
Clinical Manifestations
Chronic venous stasis
Edema
Altered pigmentation
pain
Stasis dermatitis
More in the Evening
Dilated superficial veins
Stasis ulcers (usually lower extremities)
Hemosiderin staining
vessels rupture, RBC escape in surrounding tissue and degenerate
Dry, cracked skin
Itching
Atrophy
Complications
Venous Ulceration (
most serious
)
Cellulitis
Dermatitis
Collaborative Treatment
Medication
Heparin
Thombin inhibitors
Diet
Reduced sodium (if edematous)
Increased fluid (if intake is poor)
Activity
Bed rest
Elevation of extremity
avoid compression of femoral/ iliac vessels
Risk Factors
Presence of central/peripheral venous catheter
Surgery
Trauma
Fracture
Severe muscle injury
Pregnancy
Oral Contraceptives
Heart Failure
Immobile
Obesity
Smoking
Age (over 60)
Dehydration
Labs/Diagnostics
Coagulation Studies
Platelet count
Monitor medication levels
Imaging
Ultrasound
Contrast Venography