Optics
Is a branch of physics that studies light
Types
Geometric optics: studies the behavior of light
Physical optics: considers light as a wave
Quantum optics: studies the movements of light particles
Nature of light
Democritus: light was a large number of particles.
Pythagoras: the eyes emitted rays of light
Aristotle: light as a kind of pulse
Epicurus of Samos: light in the form of rays
Leonardo da Vinci: first by relating light, sound and water to waves.
Descartes: light was propagated in the universe and perceived through vibrations.
Isaac Newton: corpuscular theory of light.
Christian Huygens: wave theory of light.
Electromagnetic spectrum and visible spectrum
electromagnetic: radiation emitted by a substance
Speed of light
visible: the human eye can see
Galileo Galilei: measure the speed of light
the value of speed is 〖2.997925×10〗^(8 ) m/s
Mirrors
Plane mirror
Spherical mirror: have two types concave mirror and convex mirror
Principal rays: parallel ray to the axis of the mirror, focal ray and main ray.
Refraction of light
change of direction and speed when passing from one medium to another.
Lenses
transparent bodies
Have 2 types: converging lens and diverging lens