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JOINTS - Coggle Diagram
JOINTS
The structure of joints
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Cartilage
Covers the ends of the bones providing a smooth, friction free surface
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Synovial joint
Type of joint commonly found in the limbs; contains a synovial membrane that produces synovial fluid
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Joint movements
Abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body. This occurs at the hip and shoulder joints during a jumping jack movement.
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Aduction
Movement towards the midline of the body. This occurs at the hip and shoulder, returning the arms and legs back to their original position fro
Extension
Straightening a joint. This occurs when the angle of a joint increases, for example, at the elbow when putting a shot.
Rotation
This is where the limb moves in a circular movement around a fixed joint towards or away from the midline of the body. This occurs in the hip in golf while performing a drive shot.
Flexion
The bending of a joint. This occurs when the angle of a joint decreases. For example, the elbow flexes when performing a biceps curl.
Plantar flexion
Pointing the toes – this movement only occurs at the ankle, for example, pointing the toes in ballet.
Dorsi flexion
The foot moves towards the shin as if you are pulling your toes up. This movement only occurs at the ankle. Also know as flexing your toe
Types of joints
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Ball and socket joint
Joint that allows many movements- flexion and extensions, abduction and adduction and rotation
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Pivot
Pivot joints consist of the rounded end of one bone fitting into a ring formed by the other bone- this allows the wrist to turn or looking to the side
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gliding
bones in the hand glide over each other and they allows for different patterns of movement, but in limited motions of movement
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