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Biology year 10 session 2, heart - Coggle Diagram
Biology year 10 session 2
blood
red blood cell, white blood cell, plasma, platelets
plasma makes up 55% of blood
transports urea, heat, carbon dioxide, digested food and hormones
urea to kidney for disposal
plasma is mainly made of water which is a great medium of heat. The optimal temperature is 37C
Carbon Dioxide is transported from respiring cells to the lung for exhalation
digested food is transported to respiring cells for energy
hormones are secreted to in plasma to the rest of the body
red blood cells
transport oxygen
haemoglobin combine with oxygen ti carry them
they have a biconcave shape for more surface area for more haemoglobin
no nucleus for more haemoglobins
thin membrane for diffusion
thin and flexible to fit throught blood vesels
platelets are involved in blood clotting
white blood cells
25% are lymphocytes
they produce antibodies
stick onto pathogens and make them burst and die
label the pathogen for phagocytes to destroy
neutralise toxins
clump them together to be destroyed by phagocytes
55% are phagocytes
they first detect the pathogens
the then suck them into a vacoule
they lastly release enzymes in the vacuole to destroy the pathogen
eyes
blood vessels
arteries, veins, capillaries
veins
transports de-ox blood away from the heart, except for pulmonary vein
thin walls to allow skeletal muscle to exert pressure
large lumen to transport high volumes of blood
have valves to prevent backflow
capillaries
they facillatate gas exchange and ,aterial exchange
one cell thick for efficient material exchange
arteries
smaller lumen, thick muscle
transports oxygenated blood away from the heart, except for pulmonary artery
narrow lumen to keep blood pressure high
structure
reflex arc
stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron, CNS, motor neuron, effector, response
stimulus (heat)
receptor (skin)
Sensory neuron
CNS (brain, spine)
motor neuron
effector (muscle)
response
surface area
single celled organism
high SA:V ratio, can rely on diffusion
multi celled organism
low SA:V area, cannot rely on diffusion
heart
ventricle
The ventricles pump blood out of the heart and to the lung and / or around the body
atrium
where the blood is collected when it enters the heart
valves
semilunar valves
The semilunar valves stop the back flow of blood into the heart. There is a semilunar valve where the aorta leaves the left ventricle and another where the pulmonary artery leaves the right ventricle.
cuspid valves
opens up due to pressure in the atrium
plants
auxins
they are made at the tip of the plant
the grow at the spot where the sun dont shine
auxins cause the plants to elongate
tropism
geo tropism
gowth response towards the soil
roots
the grow into the soil for nutrients
phototropism
growth response towards light
shoots
they grow high up for sunlight
babies
sex organs
heart
right atrium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
bicuspid valve
left ventricle
left atrium
