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COLD WAR - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Controlled by the Soviet Union
  - - - The communist victory in 1949 led to the creation of two states
        
        People's Republic of China headed by Mao Zedong
        
        Republic of China in Taiwan on the ialand of Formosa, where the nationalists had felt
    - - Own Communist reform project called the Great Leap Forward.
        
        Heavy industry
        
        Creation of people's communes
        
        Self-sufficient administrative units
        
        There were errors and poor harvests
  - - - A pro-communist system based on single party rule
      - Planned economy
      - Social control
- - - - Multi-party democracy
      - Dictatorship( Greece, Portugal and Spain)
    - - The United States organized
        
        Marshall Plan
        
        low-interest loans
        
        Conession of grants
        
        countries favoured: Great Britain, France, iItaly and Federal Republic of Germany
    - - The Treaty of Paris
      - The treatuy of Rome
      - The Benelux
  - - - commitment to investment
      - Export of high-tech products
      - Disciplined labour force
  - - - two parties alternate in power
        
        The Democratic party
        
        The Republican party
      - African Americans fought for equal rights, led by Martin Luther King
      - Protest agints American intervention in The Vietnam War
    - - Agriculture mevhanised and specialised. Progresss in transport, banking, commerce and tourism
        
        Multinational companies and mass consuption
- - - - REFORMS
        
        Foreign policy ------------ disarmament talks with the United States
        
        Domestic Policy---------Implemented the Perestroika
      - Opposition: The radical reformers, Boris Yeltsin
- - - - Incorporation of women to the labour market
    - - Health and education
      - Retirement, illness and unemployement
    - - Easy access to credit
    - - Dress Fashion and habits, coexisted with its own traditions.
  - - - The hippie movement
        
        Criticised consumerism and advocated for a simple way of life based on love
      - The feminist movement
        
        Criticised the traditional role assigned to women as mothers, wives and homemakers
      - The Civil rights movement
        
        Gained force amog African Americans
        
        Rosa Parks
        
        Malcom X
        
        Martin Luther king
      - May 1968 student protests
        
        Established order, criticised bourgeoissociety and sought to change the predominant situation and capitalist organisation of the post war era.
        
        The peace movement protest against Vietnam war and the arms race in which the two superpowers were engaged
- - - - Energy crisis
        
        The rise in oil prices (OPEC)
      - Industrian crisis
        
        Thecnological backwardness
    - - High rate of inflation
      - Reduction in demand
      - Decline of production
      - Closure of companies
      - Unemployment
    - - Neoliberal economic policies
        
        Privatising estate enterprices
        
        Cutting public and social spending
        
        Lowering wages
        
        Creating a flexible work force
        
        United States-----> Ronald Reagan
        
        United kingdom Margaret Tatcher
      - Traditiional Industrial sectors
        
        Reduced production
        
        Eliminated jobs by modernising production and recolocatinag work to cheaper locations
        
        New High-tevh sectors, new production methods
        
        Energy savings, alternative energy sources
  - - - The dictatorship of the colonels ended in 1974
    - - After the death of Francisco Franco a trasnsition to democracy began
    - - Carnation Revolution ended dictatorship of Antonio Oliveira Salazar
- - - - The capitalist bloc
        
        Headed by the United States
        
        Western Europe liberated or occupied by Allies
        
        Japan
        
        Was strengthened by a military alliance
        
        North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
        
        1949
      - Communist bloc
        
        Led by the Soviet Union
        
        Central and Eastern Europe
        
        Occupied after the second World War
        
        By the USSR
        
        The bloc was reinforced by a military alliance
        
        Called the Warsaw Pact
        
        1955
        
        The creation of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA)
        
        1949
    - - A time of great tension (1947 - 1956)
        
        The rupture(1947) marked by COLD WAR
        
        US president Harry Truman
        
        proclaimed doctrine of Containment which denounced communist regimes.
        
        The Soviet Union
        
        proposed Zhdanov Doctrine which denounced US Imperialism
      - Peaceful coexistence (1956 - 1976)
        
        Began in 1956
        
        favored by
        
        the new US leaders John F Kennedy and Richard Nixon
        
        Soviet leaders Nikita Khruschev and Leonid Brezhnev
      - The resurgence of the Cold War (1977 - 1985)
        
        The Cold War grew more tense
        
        Soviet Union military supremacy and invasion of Afghanistan 1979
        
        The United States increased military spending and interveved in conflicts in the Third World
      - The end of the Cold War (1985 - 1991)
        
        The Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev
        
        intensified dialogues with the United States
        
        Declared Soviet unilateral disarmament
        
        withdraw fromAfghanistan and the African conflicts
        
        granted greater autonomy to people's republics
        
        The United States and Soviet Union sign several disarmament
        
        Finally after the Fall of the Berlin wall, the Cold War ended in 1991