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SENSORY ORGANS AND
SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram
SENSORY ORGANS AND
SYSTEM
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Tongue
Signals in sensory inputs are conveyed via synaptic stops in the brain stem and thalamus to the cortical gustatory area
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The receptor for taste and smell are chemoreceptors, which generates neural signals on binding with particular chemicals in environment.
Taste Bud.
-Content chemoreceptors.
-Has a small opening taste pore.
-Consists of about 50 long, spindleshaped taste receptor cells with
supporting cells
5 Primary Taste.
-Triggered by amino acids
-Elicited by alkaloids and poisonous substance
-Evoked by the particular configuration of glucose
-Caused by acids.
-Stimulated by chemical salts
Nose
To be smelled, the substance must be;
-Sufficiently volatile so that some of its molecules can enter the nose in the inspired air.
-Sufficiently water soluble so that it can dissolve in the mucus coating the olfactory mucosa.
-The smell depends on the olfactory receptor cells detecting odours or scents.
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Ear
External and middle ear
transmit airborne sound waves to the fluidfilled inner ear, amplifying sound energy
Inner ear
-contains receptors for conversion of sound wave into nerve impulses, making hearing possible.
-for the sense of equilibrium
Pathway of sound
Pathway 1
Through the scala vestibuli, around the helicotrema, and through the scala tympani, causing the round window to vibrate
Pathway 2
A shortcut from the scala vestibuli through the basilar membrane. This pathway triggers activation of the receptors for sound by bending hairs of hair cells
Eye
Eye anatomy: Cornea, anterior chamber, lens, vitreous chamber, retina, aqueous humor
Retina: sensing layers of 5 nerve cell types (photoreceptors, bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion)
Photoreceptors converges into a bipolar cell, bipolar cells converges into a ganglion cell, everywhere except at the fovea (1-to-1 connection between photoreceptors and ganglion cells).Axons sweep across the retina from ganglion cells to form optic nerve.
Direction of light sequence:
-Front of retina
-Optic nerves fibres
-Ganglion cells
-Amacrine cells
-Bipolar cells
-Horizontal cells
-Photoreceptors cells
Direction of retinal visual processing:
-Photoreceptor cells
-Horizontal cells
-Bipolar cells
-Amacrine cells
-Ganglion cells
-Optic nerve fibres
-Front of retina
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