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Unit 4 Review (1450 CE - 1750 CE) - Coggle Diagram
Unit 4 Review (1450 CE - 1750 CE)
Maritime Exploration
Diffusion of Technology
Caravel
Carrack
Lateen Sail
Compass
As more information and scientific knowledge was being spread across the world, new technologies were created to make life easier and faster
Economic Causes and Effects
Portuguese
As small as they were and their geographical location, they often got the short end of the stick when it came to trading with other countries so they used the Atlantic Ocean to secure some of their own trading routes
They also had a lot of new technology waiting to be used specifically for maritime trade
Spanish
Wanted to find as many new seas routes for trade as quickly as possible
Silver was almost always in demand
British
They wanted to extend Christianity to the new world (so did the Spanish)
The new world also provided many new raw materials
Dutch
Many were escaping religious persecution
They valued trade and raw materials
French
They colonized more of the coastal areas to create trading exports for fur trade
Economic Strategies
Mercantilism
Gaining wealth through trade
This would usually include Tariffs
Joint-Stock Companies
If a country wanted to explore the new world but didn't have the funds, they would join with another country and make a deal where they could both benefit from borrowing each other's supplies and making a profit in the new world
Ex. Dutch East India Company
Social Classes, Economic Systems, and Labor Systems
Encomienda and Hacienda Systems
This was mainly used among Spanish land owners. It guaranteed protection for the Native American people in exchange for their labor
Casta System
In Latin America, a social system was created to classify the many races within the nation with the Spaniards being at the top and the slaves and Native Americans at the bottom
Slavery
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
People from Africa were transported to the Americas to be sold as slaves but many died on the voyage because of the awful conditions they were put in
Demographic Effects
Slaves were often kidnapped but they were also sold off from their own leaders for extra money to save their empire creating a nation that was easily looked down upon
Slave Rebellions
The slave population was treated very unfairly in the Americas and provoked many rebellions, some succeeded but many were harshly punished for speaking out and even executed
Ex. Haitian Revolution
How Economic Developments affected Social Structures
Renaissance
With increased cultural diffusion and human interaction, new ideas were brought to the table, ancient texts and artworks resurfaced and were studied, and an overall new way of living and thinking was created into the middle ages
Scientific Revolution
Much like the renaissance, increased human interaction led to new ideas of the universe and nature were created as well as medical advancements and developments in mathematics, chemistry, physics, etc.
The Colombian Exchange
Named after Christopher Columbus, these trade routes across the Atlantic Ocean carried goods, raw materials, and slaves from continent to continent
Diseases
Diseases spread easily over these routes and wiped out a great percentage of the Native American population
Ming Limitation of Trade
After the Mongols were suppressed, the Ming emperor implemented a "sea ban" and restricted trade because he believed agriculture was the right way of life.
This was also and attempt to keep the nation safe by keeping foreigners out and citizens in
Changes and Continuities of Networks of Exchange
Atlantic Trade
It expanded the networks of exchange and brought in new goods and materials to be traded
Triangle Trade
Spanish Silver
Main source of currency and was used in trading with other empires