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COLD WAR, Martin_Luther_King,_Jr., 1200px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg,…

- - - - UNITED STATES
        
        countries os Western Europe occupied by the Allies and Japan.
        
        Parliamentary democracy and capitalist economy
        
        NATO
        
        North Atlantic Treaty Organization
        
        1949
        
        assistance in Marshall Plan
        
        1947
    - - SOVIET UNION
        
        countires of Central and Eastern Europe occupied after the WWII.
        
        subordinated freedoms and individual rights
        
        to the interest of the state
        
        military alliance, Warsaw Pact
        
        1955
        
        Creation of CMEA
        
        Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
        
        1949
    - - a situation of permanent military, ideological and diplomatic tension.
        
        STAGES
        
        1947-1956
        
        Rupture of the two blocs
        
        doctrine of containment by Harry Truman (US president)
        
        denounced the communist regimes.
        
        Zhdanoz Doctrine by the Soviet Union
        
        denounced US imperialism and offered assistance to countries that would not submit to it
        
        1956-1976
        
        dialoge between the two blocs
        
        increase of nuclear power in the Soviet Union
        
        the attitude of the new leaders
        
        1977-1985
        
        increase the arms race and the Cold War gre more tense
        
        NUCLEAR WEAPONS
        
        Soviet Union
        
        missiles to Western Europe
        
        US
        
        Strategic Defense Initiative
        
        1985-1991
        
        .
        
        the dialogue increased
        
        signed several disarmament
        
        The fall od the Berlin Wall and the dissapearence of the Soviet Union
        
        1 more item...
- - - - .
    - - anti-communist campaing
        
        1945-1961
    - - protests against American intervention in the Vietnam War
      - struggle of African Americans
        
        Martin Luther King, Jr.
    - - All the industrial companies specialized and developed
  - - - MASHALL PLAN
        
        Rescue and reconstruction plan
        
        Concession of grants
        
        .
        
        low-interest loans
        
        25000 million dolars from US
        
        United States
        
        Intervened in the economy and controlled the key sectors of Europe
        
        stopped the advance of communist ideas
    - - Creation of Benelux
        
        free movement of goods and people among the three countries
        
        Creation of the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC)
      - Two Treaties
        
        Treaty of Paris (1951)
        
        Treaty of Rome (1957)
      - Economic Miracle in Japan
        
        Parliamentary monarchy
        
        Export of high-tech products
        
        discipline labour force
        
        long hours and low wages
  - - - UNITED STATES
        
        automobile
        
        house appliances
        
        television
      - WESTERN EUROPE AND JAPAN
        
        free acces
        
        basic services
        
        health
        
        education
        
        social protection
    - - long hair for men
      - jeans and miniskirts
      - Pop and rock and roll
      - universal acces to films and television
    - - Hippie movement
        
        simpler way of life based oon love and peace
      - Feminist movement
        
        criticised the traditional role assigned to woman
        
        woman's liberation
      - Student protests "May 1968"
        
        criticised bourgeois society
      - peace movement
        
        against the Vietnam war and the arms race
  - - - PORTUGAL
        
        April 25, 1974
        
        ended the dictadorshipof Antonio Oliveira Salazar
      - SPAIN
        
        with the death of General Franco
    - - 1974
        
        ended the dictadorship of Constantine II
  - - - Energy crisis
        
        Rise in oil prices by the
        
        Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
      - Industrial crisis
        
        technological backwardness of certain industrial sectors
    - - High rrate of inflation
      - Reduction of demand
      - Decline of production
      - Closure of many companies
      - Increase of unemployment
    - - Neoliberal economic policies
        
        privatising state enterprises
        
        liberalisation of economy
        
        cutting public and social spending
        
        lower wages
        
        deregulating labour market
        
        flexible work force
      - Restructuretion of traditional industrial sectors
        
        reducing production
        
        eliminating of jobs
        
        NEW
        
        Sectors were encouraged
        
        production methods
        
        lower costs
        
        energy sources
        
        save the energy
- - - - death of Stalin 1953
        
        Nikita Khruschev condamned the system of Stalin
        
        Leonid Brezhnev was his successor
        
        reforms
        
        nationalist economy
        
        Very poor economic results
        
        agrarian reforms
        
        .
        
        develop agricultural machanisation
        
        .
        
        heavy industry
        
        .
        
        public services
        
        .
        
        Implemented in Central and Eastern Europe
    - - civil war 1945
        
        communists headed by Mao Zendong
        
        had the victory
        
        two states
        
        People's Republic of China
        
        Mao Zedong
        
        1 more item...
        
        Republic of China in Taiwan
        
        nationalists
        
        National Party of Chiang Kai-shek
      - Mao Zedong
        
        controlled political power
        
        Great Leap Forward
        
        project based in
        
        development of heavy industry
        
        collective work
        
        agriculture
        
        industry
        
        results were bad
        
        establishment of
        
        engaletarianism
        
        1 more item...
        
        control of private life
        
        1 more item...
    - - headed by Fidel Catro
        
        against the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista and the DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CUBA
        
        communist system
        
        Bay of Pigs 1961
        
        US attempted to invade Cuba
        
        Economic blockade
    - - USSR to CIS
        
        acceleration of reforms
        
        Communist Party was outlawed
        
        Gorbachev resigned
        
        Soviet Union was replaced by Commonwealth of Independent States
        
        transition to democracy and capitalist economy began
      - economic crisis after the Brezhnev dead
        
        reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev
        
        foreign policy
        
        talks with US
        
        withdrew the conflicts
        
        Africa
        
        Afghanistan
        
        domestic policy
        
        perestroika
        
        political and economic reforms
        
        glasnost
        
        freedom of expression and opinion to the media
  - - - AUTUMN OF NATIONS
        
        affected Central and Eastern Europen countries
    - - November 9, 1989
    - - October 3, 1990