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How Sounds Travel Through The Ear 0178EC5B-DBB6-426C-943A-92379CCE145D,…
How Sounds Travel Through The Ear
EXTERNAL EAR
Auricle
: Collects sound waves traveling through the air, directs them into the External Acoustic Meatus
External Acoustic Meatus
: Ear Canal that carries sound to the Tympanic Membrane.
:
Tympanic Membrane
: Impulses from external ear move through the Tympanic membrane (Ear Drum) to the Malleus.
MIDDLE EAR
Malleus
: Pushes sound through to the Incus.
Incus
: Pushes sound through to the Stapes.
Stapes
: Pushes Sound on through the Oval Window which is the start of the inner ear.
INNER EAR
Oval Window
: Sends the sound vibrations to Scala Vestibuli or oval window
Scala Vestibuli
: Conduct sounds vibration to the cochlear duct
Cochlear Duct
: Filled with fluid that vibrates when the sound waves from the stapes bone strike against it.
10.
Basilar Membrane
: Moves by incoming sound waves and is essential for the sense of hearing
Organ of Corti:
The hair cells covert the vibrations into nerve impulses that are transmitted by the cochlear portion of the eighth cranial nerve to the brain.
Vestibulocochlear Nerve:
Allows electrical current to travel to brain
Tectorial Membrane
: Bends receptor hairs of organ of corti in rresponse to sound waves
Scala Tympan
i: Contains perilymph and is a diffusion barrier which allows nutrients to cross through the fluids
Tympanic Cavity:
Small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear. Within it sit the ossicles, three small bones that transmit vibrations used in the detection of sound.
Round Window
: Allows fluid in the cochlea to move, which in turn ensures that hair cells of the Basilar membrane will be stimulated and that audition will occur.
Pathway from the vestibucochlear nerve --> brain
The nerve emerges from the brain at the cerebellopontine angle and exits the cranium via the internal acoustic meatus of the temporal bone
The peripheral fibers of these neurons conduct signals from the receptors of the utricle, saccule and semicircular ducts, whereas the central fibers form the vestibular component of the vestibulocochlear nerve, which extends between the inferior peduncle of the cerebellum and the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve.
Each fiber splits into the superior and the inferior branch just before its ending. The superior branches end within the superior and the lateral vestibular nuclei, whereas the inferior branches terminate in the medial and the inferior vestibular nuclei.
The fibers from both roots merge to form the vestibulocochlear trunk of the nerve that is found in the posterior cranial fossa in the petrous part of the temporal bone. When the vestibulocochlear nerve reaches the inner ear, it again splits into the vestibular and cochlear part which supply target tissues of the inner ear.
