refers to education normally delivered by trained teachers in a systematic intentional way within a school, higher institution or university

-subjects-eg Mathematics, English
-learning outcomes

-curriculum designed by GOVT or education experts
-delivered by trained teachers
-typically designed to meet labor & industrialized needs

international benchmarking test (known as world cup of education

-conducted every 3 years, run by the Organisation of Economic Cooperation & Development

3 categories: Reading,Maths,Sciences

Students in Singapore perform at a level that is up to two years ahead of their regional and OECD counterparts in science, mathematics and reading.

2017 world top education poll, South Korea topped the list

National Youth Policy Institute's survey in 2018 discovered that nearly 34% of the students polled that they considered committing suicide

so important that there are repercussions to the country
aeroplanes took alternate routes to reduce noise, the country’s banks and financial markets started trading later than usual, and buses and subways increased their frequency

only 2% will receive opportunities to study in these universities

parents willingly spend huge sums of money for their kids to enter private tuitions/hagwons for them to maximise their learning, became so evident it is now a norm

people all around the globe are more aware on the education culture in Korea RAISED AWARNESS- will this influence govt. to make changes?

study from dusk till dawn, some barely even getting 5 hours of sleep

able to get more perspectives on the edu system

real life stories-more genuine, not a rose tinted glass view

Education in China is characterized as the “true religion of the people” and has always played an important part in Chinese tradition with learning always being highly valued and respected.

Family expenditures on education amounted to the second-highest expenditure of the family budget in China, surpassing both housing and clothing, with only food beating it marginally. Providing a child with a good education is a top and worthy priority by the majority of Chinese parents.

According to the Household Expenditure Survey (HES) in 2017/18, Singapore households spent S$1.4 billion on tuition, up from S$1.1 billion in 2012

leads to students not being well rounded, lack the ability to socialise due to the lack of opportunities to socialise in school or daily lives-study all day

ends up memorising instead of learning, so begs the qn ARE THEY TRULY LEARNING?

creativity & critical thinking are often not encouraged

from 2019 onwards, there will be the removal of Mid-year examinations for P3, P5, S1 and S3

-levelling the playing field, govt practices meritocracy, rewarding students based on their individual talent & hardwork rather than their SES- pushes them to work harder

can also lead to FINANCIAL BURDENS & further complications

loosely defined term covering various structured learning situations, such as swimming sessions for toddlers & conference style seminars, which do not either hv the lvl of curriculum, syllabus, accreditation & certification associated with 'formal learning' but have more structure than associated with 'informal learning'

planned & structured, but not to the extent of a curriculum

learners are motivated bcz it is not mandatory like formal learning

learn what u want to & only until the learning objective is met

credentials like certs may or may not be awarded

enrichment courses (rock climbing course,driving course,cooking courses etc)

private supplementary tuition classes

e learning (youtube classes,online courses)

any learning that is not formal or non-formal learning, such as self directed learning or learning from experience. It is organised differently frm formal & non-formal learning bcuz there is no set objective in terms of learning outcomes & is nvr intentional frm e learner's standpt

takes place outside learning establishments eg schs

spontaneous, creative, emphasizes creative learning

sch lunch in Japan-eating & learning

could be perhaps to take a mental break from overwhelming task or it could also be too eye-catching eg games more int than studies (more fun)

aids in learning, influx of new learning models,eg ai,machine learning,educational softwares> remodelling the classroom

Students are digital natives. They’ve grown up with technology; it’s woven into their lives. In fact, it’s one of the basic 21st century skills that they’ll need in school and the workplace.

encourages more fun & effective learning (from apps to e-textbks to various other websites) > allows for classrm gamification,help to encourage healthy competition eg QUIZIZZ (greater variety)

automation eases tedious tasks like attendance taking, recording of student performances etc

health impacts-eye strain, increase in students wearing spectacles.

increases probability of teens getting addicted to techno, or TOO RELIANT- will not motivate them to learn fr themselves, bcz info is so accessible

Being digitally literate is more than obtaining “isolated technological skills,”Creating presentations, learning to differentiate reliable from unreliable sources on the Internet and maintaining proper online etiquette are all vital skills that students can learn in the classroom

An online education should be accessible to students. Some students can’t afford iPads or even the textbooks required for class. For these students, point them in the direction of library or community resources, or create assignments that allow them to work in groups and share resources.

esp important in uncertain times eg COVID-19 ONLINE HBL, use of technology plays a big part- contrast to 2002 SARS

by 2024, all s1 students to own a personal learning device based on new digital literacy measures (tablet,chromebk etc)

gives rise to the digital economy Thirty secondary schools will offer O-Level Computing, up from 22, and 10 junior colleges will offer A-Level Computing, up from eight.

teamwork, communication oppt to do grp proj , leadership, creativity, problem solving, digital literacy,time manag

academic subjects, eg studying literature> have a greater knowledge on eng lit

more of outside, practical lessons eg FCE OR CCAS- looking at how cca implants skills to students, beneficial, destressing, platform to learn new skills- eg dance, swim, judo-self defence

The interaction between boys and girls isolates some of the less desirable aspects of both,” he says. “So the very macho is downplayed, while at the same time girls are encouraged to be interacting with boys and breaking out of the ‘girls being girls’ mould.

co-ed more prepared? must know how to interact with the other sex in the real wrld Coed schools better prepare girls and boys for post-secondary school and employment by providing ongoing opportunities to work tgt

For girls, much of the benefit lies in developing their personhood in an environment free of persistent traditional gender stereotypes that can hold women back.

Without the distraction of mating rituals, students tend to be more focused on academics and extracurriculars—areas that pay higher dividends later in life. Kids don’t have to put being cool before learning.

rules, routines,cirriculum- link to case studies done> link to wellbeing of students (how long they spend in sch) vacations what do they do etc

inspire lifelong learning