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The Standard Model of Particle Physics, Nathanael McLaren - Standard Model…
The Standard Model of Particle Physics
FERMIONS
(Matter Particles)
QUARKS
A tiny particle which makes up
protons
and
neutrons
.
Up
The lightest of all quarks and is a major constituent of matter.
Down
The second lightest of all quarks and is a major constituent of matter.
Strange
The third lightest of all quarks and is found in subatomic particles called
Hadrons
Charm
The third most massive of all quarks and is a type of quark found in
Hadrons
.
Bottom
The second most massive with a charge of -1/3 e. The bottom quark has exceptionally low rates of transition to lower-mass quarks.
Top
The most massive all observed elementary particles. It derives it's mass form it's coupling to the
Higgs Boson
LEPTONS
An elementary particle of half-integer spin that does
not
undergo strong interactions.
Negatively Charged Leptons
Muon
An elementary particle similar to an electron, with an electric charge of
-1e
but with a much greater mass.
Tau
An elementary particle similar to an electron, with an electric charge of
-1e
. It is the heaviest particle out of
Electron
and
Muon
particles.
Electron
A subatomic particle whose electric charge is negative one
elementary charge
(
e
).
Neutrinos
(neutral charge)
Electron Neutrino
A subatomic lepton elementary particle that has zero net electric charge.
Muon Neutrino
A subatomic lepton similar to an electron neutrino, with no net electric charge but a larger mass.
Tau Neutrino
A subatomic lepton similar to an electron neutrino, with no net electric charge but with the largest mass out of the three types of neutrinos.
Anti-Leptons
The anti-matter equivalent of Leptons. Anti-Leptons have all the same properties as regular matter except the
opposite
elementary charge (i.e. A
Positron
(anti-matter equivalent of an
Electron
) has an elementary charge (e) of 1e instead of -1e).
Anti-Quark
The anti-matter equivalent of Quarks. Anti-Quarks have all the same properties as regular matter except the
opposite
elementary charge.
BOSONS
(Force Carriers)
Gauge Bosons
(Vector Bosons)
Gluon
An elementary particle that acts as the exchange particle for the
Strong-force
between
Quarks
.
Photon
An elementary particle that is the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as
Light
and the force carrier for the
Electromagnetic force
.
W and Z Boson
These elementary particles are together known as the
Weak force
. The 'W' bosons are named after the weak force and the 'Z' bosons are named for having
Z
ero electric charge.
Scalar Bosons
Higgs Boson
An elementary particle produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs Field (one of the fields in particle physics theory). Named after the physicist 'Peter Higgs', who in 1964 along with five other scientist proposed the Higgs Mechanism to explain why particles have mass.
Hypothetical
Graviton
In theories of quantum gravity, the 'Graviton' is the hypothetical quantum of gravity, an elemental particle that mediates the force of gravity.
Nathanael McLaren - Standard Model Mindmap
(with anti-matter)