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Stretching: A Well-entrenched Dogma Alireza Vasefnia 2020 -…

- - - - It's a Habit
        
        flexibility
        
        warm up and injury prevention
        
        prevention/treatment of exercise soreness
        
        treatment of sports injuries and chronic pain
        
        “performance enhancement” (e.g. faster sprinting)
        
        it feels great!
    - - Stretching feels great … but it’s over-rated and nowhere near as medically or athletically useful as most people think.
      - Massage feels even better … but its effects on pain are notoriously mild and fleeting.
      - Chiropractic “adjustments” can feel scrumptious, even addictive, especially in that cinder-block-rigid area between the shoulder blades … but in most cases you’ll be craving a re-do before long (which makes for a lovely business model for chiropractors).
      - Sex feels great, but it does not cure pain. Back scratches, chocolate cake, sunshine & hot baths: all wonderful, all mostly powerless to cure pain.
- - - - There are 235 ways scientists can fool themselves by unconsciously biasing their studies (page 41).
      - New research that showed mouse data do not apply to humans was rejected by several science journals on the grounds that: “If this paper is published it will set the field [of mouse research] back 10 or 20 years … Clearly the old guard will suffer with a paradigm change, and sometimes their whole career will go away (pages 50, 51).
      - “Misleading animal studies have led to billions of dollars’ worth of wasted effort and dead ends in the search for drugs. Failures in animal studies have also had deadly consequences” (page 71).
      - Harris quotes a researcher who continues to use animals as saying: “The animal models are a disaster… I worry not just that they might be wrong … but what if the neurodegenerative disease models (ALS and Alzheimer’s) are not wrong but irrelevant? Irrelevant is much worse than wrong. Because irrelevance sends you in the wrong direction” (page 82).
      - One of the scientists interviewed in the book provides a key clue to why a treatment that appears to work in an animal subsequently fails in humans. “Evolution has created so many redundant [backup] systems that targeting a single pathway in a complex network will rarely work” (page 89).