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LIFT
&
ESCALATOR
&
BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, step, ESCALATOR…
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STEP
:check: Speeds vary from 90 feet per minute to 180 feet per minute (27 to 55 meters per minute)
:check: Moving 145 feet (44m) per minute
:check: Able to carry more than 10000 people an hour
ESCALATOR ARRANGEMENTS 
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Control System
Sheave
Motor
-Located in lift motor room
-On anti-vibration mountings
ROPING
-High tensile steel ropes driven through traction sheaves attached to the motor shelf, a system of pulleys and a counterweight
-Based on the capacity of lift which how many kg is maximum, and using different of combination
-As ratio increase, car speed decrease
SINGLE WRAP 2:1
-Improvement of Single Wrap 1:1
-Number of pulleys and wrapping ratios increased to improve resistance to slippage
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ALTERNATIVE ROPING ARRANGEMENTS
-To maintain high speed & sufficient traction
-In very tall buildings the effect of bounce and spring from the rope load can be balanced and compensated with ropes suspended below car and counterweight
ACTIVE ROLLER GUIDE
-Reduce lateral vibration
-Accelerometer detect vibration during operation and actuator cancel the vibration with optimally controlled electromagnetic force
LIFT DOOR
-Required in fitted to lift car and to landing
-Landing doors must be incombustible, preferably of sheet construction over a light steel framework of about 30mm overall thickness
-Usually slide sideways
DOOR OPENER SYSTEM
MULTI-BEAM DOOR SENSOR
-Prevents passengers from being caught by the doors, using multiple infrared light beams mounted along the entire length of car door edge
-Doors reverse & open if beams are blocked during door closing
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HYDRAULIC LIFT
:fire: Using hydraulic ram, fluid-driven piston mounted inside a cylinder
:fire: For low-rise buildings
ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC LIFTS
:fountain_pen: Capacity for every heavy loads
:fountain_pen: Accuracy in floor levelling
:fountain_pen: Smooth ride characteristics
:fountain_pen: Low-level plant room (basement)
:fountain_pen:No structural loads from winding gear
:fountain_pen: Pump room can be located up to 10m from the shaft
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SPIRAL ESCALATOR
WESTMINSTER ESCALATOR
CONVENTIONAL ESCALATOR
SPREAD OF FIRE
:fire: The void containing escalators encourage fire to spread rapidly through building.
Precautions
-Sprinklers, installed to provide a continuous curtain of water down the escalator void
-Fire curtains or shutter mechanism released by fusible link/ smoke relay to seal the top of the escalator shaft
-Compartmentalisation/ Separation of escalators into a well/ fire-protected enclosure
TYPICAL LIFT MAIN COMPONENTS
:fire: Controls, Machine Room (by general contractor)
:fire: Geared Traction Hoisting Machine
:fire: Hoisting Cables
:fire: Machine Beam Support (by general contractor)
:fire: Elevator Car Support Structure
:fire: Elevator Car
:fire: Fire Rated Hoistway (by general contractor)
:fire: Travel Cable
:fire: Guide Rails (supports brackets at each floor: by general contractor)
:fire: Counterweight
:fire: Car Buffers (by general contractor)
:fire: Elevator Pit (by general contractor)
:fire: 5.0" to 6.0" Pit Depth
:fire: Pit Ladder (by general contractor)
ELETRONIC/ ROPED LIFT
:fire: Car is raised & lowered by traction steel ropes rather than pushed from bottom
Main Components
:fire: Control System
:fire: Electronic Motor
:fire: Sheave
:fire: Counterweight
:fire: Guide Rails
FIRE FIGHTING LIFT
:fire: For urgent/ emergency access
:fire: Contained a priority break-glass key switch
:fire: Normally at ground floor
INDEPENDENT FIRE-FIGHTING LIFT
:fire: Required in offices, shops, & other commercial premises exceeding 18m in height
SHARED SHAFT FIRE-FIGHTING LIFT
:fire: Minimun 630kg duty load to accommodate fire-fighting equipment
:fire: Minimum internal dimensions of 1100mm width, 1400mm depth & 2000mm height
:fire: Manufactured from non-combustible material
:fire: A two way intercom
:fire: 1 hour fire-resisting doors of 800mm minimum width X 2m height
:fire: Maximum of 60s capability to run the full building height
:fire: Dual power supplies, one direct mains and the other emergency generator
PATERNOSTER
:fire: Paternoster lift is elevator consist of a chain of open compartments (each usually designed for two persons) that move slowly in a loop up and down inside a building without stopping
:fire: Passengers who are agile enough can step on or off at any floor that like
:fire: Most suited to single occupancy building
:fire: Office
STAIR LIFT
:fire: Vertical transport in homes & hospital
:fire: For elderly & disabled
:fire: Developed for simple application to domestic chairs