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SU6- Questionnaire Design - Coggle Diagram
SU6- Questionnaire Design
Steps
Confirm research objectives
Select data collection method- based on objectives, data requirements
Develop questions, scales- based on data requirements
Format
Unstructured (open-ended)- reply in own words; difficult to code/analyse; more thinking, effort required of respondents
Structure (close-ended)- predetermined set of scale points, response alternatives
Wordings
Ambiguity, difficult to understand- to pretest
Sensitive qns (use only if necessary)- ensure confidentiality
Bad qns
Unanswerable- respondents dont have info access/none of the answer choices apply e.g. how much did you spend on food last month?
Leading/loaded
Double-barreled
Scales
Instructions- clearly communicated
Skip questions- ensure only qualified respondents ans certain qn (meets previous condition)
Data required- nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
Determine layout, evaluate
Sections- general to specific
Intro
Research overview
Screening qn- identify qualified respondents; prevent unqualified from being included
Research qn- put difficult/sensitive qn at end
Demographic (personal info)
Closing- thank you statement
Other
Possibility of response order bias- select 1st option more often
Response box size- bigger, write more
Pull-down menus- 1st option selected more often
Visuals usage
Obtain initial client approval- for feedback, suggestions, clarifications
Pretest, review, finalise- checked for boredom/tiring signs (thru skipped qns or straight-line checker)
Implement- process
Cover letter
Importance
Get respondents' cooperation, willingness to participate
Guidelines
Personalise cover letter- addressed to prospective respondent
Identify organisation- research firm's letterhead
Clear statement of purpose, importance- describe general research topic
Ensure confidentiality, anonymity- explain how respondent chosen
General time frame
Reinforce participation importance
Acknowledge reasons for nonparticipation- defuse them
Time requirements (to complete survey), compensation/incentives
Completion date, where + how to return survey- instructions to return completed survey
Advance thank you statement- for cooperation
Sample- refer text pg 209
Others
Pilot study vs. pretest
Both- small scale version of main research; using representative respondents of defined target population
Pilot study- includes all subcomponents (data collection, analysis) of main study
Pretest- focus on 1 specific subcomponent of main study