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ANGER ASSESSMENT IN ADULTS - Coggle Diagram
ANGER ASSESSMENT IN ADULTS
Role of Culture
Emotion lexicon studies have yielded interesting results in the understanding and meaning of anger-related words e.g. one language in the Ifaluk language, song = “justified anger”
Universally, anger antecedents have something to do with norm violation, yet norms are culturally dependent
There are vast cultural differences in acceptability of how we express anger
Psychometric Scales
STAXI-2
self-report measure that assesses state and trait anger as well as the expression and control of anger
State Anger scale assesses the intensity of anger as an emotional state at a particular time
Trait Anger scale measures how often angry feelings are experienced over time
Anger Expression and Anger Control Scales
Anger Expression-Out: expression of angry feelings toward other persons or objects in the environment
Anger Expression-In: holding in or suppressing angry feelings
Anger Control-Out: controlling angry feelings by preventing the expression of anger toward other persons or objects in the environment
Anger Control-In: controlling suppressed angry feelings by calming down or cooling off
NAS-PI
Novaco Anger Scale
Yields 5 Scores
Cognitive (COG)
Arousal (ARO)
Behavioural (BEH)
Anger Regulation (REG)
NAS Total score
Provocation Inventory
5 Content Areas
Disrespectful treatment
Unfairness
Frustration
Annoying traits of others
Irritations
How Do We Define Anger?
Frequency
Novaco & Jarvis (2002) reported that a person who experiences anger every day, 2-3 times per day can be considered high in anger frequency
no gender differences in anger frequency
there may be cultural variance
Intensity
better indicator of dysfunction than frequency
men more often judge their anger based on angry behaviours, while women are more likely to refer to anger duration
PI Scale of the NAS-PI taps into this directly
can use scales to open up a conversation about a recent anger incident and explore triggers, cognitions, emotions, behaviours
Duration
How long until return to baseline?
NAS is a particularly useful scale for quantifying this
rumination
prolongs anger
physiological consequences
assess for violent retaliation rumination: Grisso’s Schedule for Imagined Violence
imagined violence is very strongly related to the NAS Cognitive, Arousal and Behavioural scales
Mode of Expression
What does the person do with the anger?
verbal aggression
physically aggressive
passive-aggressive behaviours
suppression
Useful Scales
NAS Behavioural subscale includes dimensions of impulsivity, verbal aggression, physical aggression and indirect expression
STAXI-2 Anger Expression subscales
Building Motivation for Treatment
Assess and help client to develop an awareness of anger patterns
Triggers
Physical sensations
Thinking patterns (including schemas)
Reciprocity of anger in social interactions
Assess the client’s degree of investment in anger habits
Examine apparent functions of anger
Garner information about the client’s inclination to externalise blame
Assess whether the person in quick to justify their angry reactions
Consider the person’s belief in the efficacy of anger in handling interpersonal conflicts
Assess the client’s ability to consider and implement coping alternatives
Examine the client’s concern about the costs of anger
Explore short- and long-term consequences of anger
Examine sensitivity to social disapproval or impact of negative feedback
Assess concerns about states of tension, irritability, agitation etc.
Some useful questions
What happens when you get angry?
Would anyone know that you’re angry?
How do others react when you get angry? What do you make of that?
When you get really angry, what happens afterwards?
If you didn’t get so angry, how would life be different? What might you lose? What might you gain?