Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
CHAPTER 7 : STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION, Software through which…
CHAPTER 7 : STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION
DATABASE
maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees) and places (warehouses).
Database models include
:
Hierarchical database model
- information is organized into a tree-like structure (using parent/child relationships) in such a way that it cannot have too many relationships.
Relational database model
- stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables.
Network database model
- a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships.
Entity
a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
Attributes (fields,columns)
characteristics or properties of an entity class
Primary key
a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given identity in a table
Foreign key
a primary key of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables.
RELATIONAL DATABASE ADVANTAGES
Increased flexibility
- Handle changes quickly and easily, provide users with different views, have only one physical view which deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device, and have multiple logical view which focuses on how users logically access information
Increased scalability and performance
- Must scale to meet increased demand, while maintaining acceptable performance levels. scalability that refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands and performance to measure how quickly a system performs a certain process of transaction
Reduced information redundancy
- Databases reduce information redundancy which the duplication of information or storing the same information in multiple places.
Increased information integrity (quality)
- measures the quality of information and integrity constraint rules that help ensure the quality of information.
Increased information security
- Security features including password that provides authentication of the user, access level that determines who has access to the different types of information & access control that determines types of user access
Database management systems (DBMS)
Data-driven Web sites
An interactive Web site kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database. The advantages:
Development
Content management
Future expandability
Minimizing human error
Cutting production and update costs
More efficient
Improved stability
Integrating information among multiple databases
Forward integration
- takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes
Backward integration
- takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.
Software through which users and application programs interact with a database.
Allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other