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Cognitive Views of Learning, Gestalt's principles of perceptual…
Cognitive Views of Learning
Cognitive Views
Learning definition : A relatively enduring change in mental structures that occurs as a result of an individual's interaction with the environment
Concept formation and Knowledge Representation
Concept Formation
Theories
Prototype theory
Examplar theory
Rule theory
Methods
Identify defining rules of a concept
Show examples that are typical
Ask students to retrive/recall examples from their own experience
Knowledge Representation
Declarative
Preposition
Images
Schemas
Procedural
Scripts
Production
Complex Cognitive Processes
Thinking
Critical thinking
Problem solving
Decision making
Creative thinking
Reasoning
Metacognition
Knowledge of cognition
Control of cognition
HOTS & LOTS
Transfer of learning
Positive
Negative
Cognitive Principles for the Classroom
engage your students in activity
prevent cognitive overload
emphasize what students already know
promote elaboration of new information
attract students attention
assist students on organizing complex information
Information Processing Model
Attention : concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli
Perception : putting interpretation of sensory inputs
Similarity
Closure
Proximity
Continuity
Figure-ground
Memory
Storages
Working memory
Long Term memory
Sensory memory
Stages of memory
Retrieval
Forgetting
Storing
Gestalt's principles of perceptual grouping