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Behaviorist views of Learning - Coggle Diagram
Behaviorist views of Learning
Learning Definition
behavioral view : learning is relatively enduring change in observable behavior that results from experience
mental process not observable = not considered
any relatively permanent change in our thoughts, feelings, or behavior that results from experience
based on animal learning research
Classical Conditioning (Ivan Pavlov)
Contiguity : simultaneous presentation of two events
Pairing of automatic responses to new stimuli
Unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned response
Learning through association
Phases of Classical Conditioning :
Extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
Acquisition
Generalization & Discrimination
Generalization : tendency for a new stimulus that is similar to the original stimulus to produce a similar response
Discrimination : individuals respond to certain stimuli but not to others
Operant Conditioning (B. F. Skinner)
Reinforcement (to increase desirable behavior)
Positive reinforcement
reinforcer is contingent on the behavior
reinforcer is temporarily connected to the behavior
reinforcer is a desirable consequence
a desirable behavior is displayed
Negative reinforcement
negative does not mean bad : it means removal
removing an aversive consequences/stimulus when the desirable behavior is displayed
Punishment ( to decrease undesirable behavior)
Type I Punishment : aim to decrease an undesirable behavior by presenting aversive stimulus/activity/consequences
Type II Punishment : aim to decrease an undesirable behavior by removing pleasurable/beneficial stimulus