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Unit 5; Revolutions (1750-1900) - Coggle Diagram
Unit 5; Revolutions (1750-1900)
Explain the intellectual and ideological context in which revolutions swept the Atlantic world from 1750 to 1900.
The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was an age from the 17th to the 19th century where it shaped philosophical political and scientific discourse.
known as the Age of reason
A lot of ideas would come over how the government should be better structured rather than having a monarchy where all power goes to one. Also with having social classes
brought various things and helped with the agreement of being tolerant over any religion. People now didn’t have to follow a certain religion. After this intellectual movement happened, religion and personal faith began to clash which resulted in atheism.
Explain how the Enlightenment affected societies over time.
Women began to speak out over their own rights as well during the enlightenment which had inspired them. They wanted to prove that women should have the same rights just like men did back then
Womens suffrage
abolition of slavery
A conference “Seneca falls” placed in New York was where the women’s suffrage movement was launched. However it wasn’t until 70 years later their actions actually became true. Meaning it had worked. Elizabeth candy Stanton was a founder of this conference.
Explain causes and effects of the various revolutions in the period from 1750 to 1900.
The American Revolution began in 1775 over 13 colonies. However it also shaped the foundation of USA. This was during the age of reason. It was not only one thing that lead to the American revolution but many things they had against the British.
Geography and location had a major contribution to the revolution.
no taxation without representation protest caused revolt
British soldiers would have a warrant where they would be allowed inside anyone’s home. However they would abuse of this.
The French Revolution began due to revolutionaries storming the bastille. Before this revolution, France was divided into what was known as estates. This changed political structure in France. The French Revolution was also when Marie Antoinette was beheaded by the guillotine and sent to prison. They had ranks for each people, first the clergy second nobles third where commoners. Even if France was low on money, king would make taxes higher so he would live perfectly fine and half would be sent for military with America. Once Napoleon had won, he overthrew the french government however things didn’t really hange as much.
During the haitian revolutio it was when haiti slaves rebelled against the french for independence. This colony held around two thirds of frances oversea trade. There where alot of conflicts between whites and african americans. A declaration was soon made however war took around 12 years meaning alot of deaths from people), the declaration was about rights and wasnt approved of at first. However the african americans heard of this and thats when they rebelled because it gave them hope that they would most likely gain independence due to men beaing all equal.
Simon Bolivar born into a wealthy family after his parents died he went to Spain to pursue education which then he became a military leader. He then moved back to Venezuela and made an attempt in getting back control of countries from Spain. He wanted to create a union of states. He was also named dictator. However there was an assasination attempt which he fled and sent back a letter from Jamaica. All of this resulted in independent countries.
Explain how environmental factors contributed to industrialization
New technology such as railroads, telegraphs, steam engines, etc made communication much easier. Transportation was also improved which helped in transport of goods to other places. However such things wouldn’t have been possible without abundant natural resources which were widely used. These included Coal, Iron and oil.
Explain how different modes and locations of production have developed and changed over time.
Steam engines + fossil fuels
A steam engine is a combustion powered machine that needed fossil fuels in order to work. Fossil fuels started a fossil fuel revolution when they were in high demand due to their use going up.
During the first industrial revolution it was when all these machinery to make better and quicker quality items were invented where as during the second revolution, was the era where all these new ideas of useful things came as a result of the first industrial revolution
Explain the causes and effects of economic strategies of different states and empires.
France and Germany
France had sparsely populated urban centers
Limited the amount of labor available for factories
French rev was involving france and its neighbors consumed all attention and capital of france’s elites, these factors delayed the industrial revolution in france
Germany was politically fragmented into numerous small states which delayed industrialization
Once germany unified in 1871 it quickly became a leading producer of steel and coal
The US
Began its industrial revolution in 19th century
By 1900 the US was a leading industrial force in the world
Human Capital (the workforce) was a key force in the united states success
Political upheaval and widespread poverty brought a large number of immigrants to the united states from europe and east asia
Russia
Focused on railroads and exports
Trans siberian railroad stretched from moscow to the pacific ocean allowing russia to trade easily with countries in East Asia such as China and Japan
Russian coal and iron, steel industries developed with the railroad mostly in the 1890’s
By 1900 russia had become the fourth largest producer of steel in the world.
Economy remained overwhelmingly agricultural until after the communists seized power in 1917
Japan
First country in Asia to industrialize
Had the least contact with europe since the 17th century
In mid 19th century japan went through a process of defensive modernization
Consciously adapted technology and institutions developed in europe and the united states in order to protect its traditional culture
Explain the development of economic systems, ideologies, and institutions and how they contributed to change in the period from 1750 to 1900.
Capitalism is based on the principle of individual rights, whereas socialism is based on the principle of equality. Capitalism encourages innovation and individual goals while socialism promotes equality and fairness amongst others. For socialism its more about equality.
John stuart mill a british philosopher criticized capitalism as inhumane to workers. His philosophy over limiting child labor and ensuring safe working conditions in factories could be known as ulitiarianism meaning the best for the people by letting them with happiness.
Stock markets are markets that have their own investment to buy from other companies in order to expand their value. They would buy low in order to gain more to sell higher. If one lost the company would lose as well. One of the most famous echanges that ever happened was under a tree in wall st. I believe that was the veryfist exchange.
Explain the causes and effects of calls for changes in industrial societies from 1750 to 1900.
Social classes, Women, children , working wages all were affected by the industrial revolution in many ways, children as young as five where already facing danger due to working in places not suited for a young age. Women faced non feminism during this era where they were paid such low wages being half of what was paid for men. They would all work as many hours from morning to night.