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CELL BIOLOGY, In the mitochondria - Coggle Diagram
CELL BIOLOGY
METABOLISM
Photosynthesis
generates glucose
O2
*
Glycolysis
generates pyruvate from glucose
2x pyruvate ->
2x Acetyl CoA
Aerobic Respiration
Kreb's Cycle
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
Electron Transport Chain
Generate ATP
2x CO2
*
NADH
oxidized to NAD+
reduced to NADH
proton pumps
at ATP synthase
Fermentation
lactic acid
*
converts to oxaloacetate
Gluconeogenesis
*
ENZYME KINETICS
Michaelis-Menten kinetics
v = reaction rate
[P] = concentration of product
[S] = substrate concentration
Vmax = maximum reaction rate
Km = [S] at 1/2 Vmax
d = rate of dissociation
Enzyme Inhibition
Competitive Inhibitors
Prevent substrate binding by binding at the active site
Raises Km; no change to Vmax
Noncompetitive Inhibitors
Binds at allosteric site, preventing reaction
Lower Vmax; unchanged Km
Uncompetitive Inhibitors
Bind to enzyme-substrate complex, preventing release of product
Lowers Km and Vmax
MEMBRANE SIGNALING
Detection of chemical signals outside the cell via receptors
G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)
Ligand binds to receptor, inducing conformational change
Activation of G protein
Dissociation of alpha subunit
Initiation of signal transduction cascade
Effect of signaling pathway
In the mitochondria
