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‘Our knowledge is only a collection of scraps and fragments that we put…
‘Our knowledge is only a collection of scraps and fragments that we put together into a pleasing design, and often the discovery of one new fragment would cause us to alter utterly the whole design’ (Morris Bishop). TWE is this true in history and one other area of knowledge?
ARGUMENTS AGAINST
biases, unacceptance of change
sunk cost fallacy - if we have already invested time or money into something, we would rather continue investing into it even though there hasn't been a positive outcome yet
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paradigm paralysis - unwillingness to accept a paradigm shift, or simply unwillingness to change one's opinion and see the other side's arguments
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real-life examples
human sciences
a formerly common practice in analysing data from psychological experiments, final data would often be altered or unsupported corellations drawn in order to have a result worth publishing, rather than accepting the failure and starting a new experiment
history
crusades to the Holy land - the crusaders would not accept that other people had been living there and therefore raised a rightful claim to the land
ARGUMETS FOR
pleasing design
everyone selects different pieces of info to pay attention to, therefore pleasing desings vary from person to person
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schema theory in psychology, we arrange info into relevant clusters so that we can categorize things easily and don't get overwhelmed
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real-life examples
history
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a different opinion about a person after a new piece of info has been revealed - Jaromír Nohavica as an StB collaborant
human sciences
a lesson learned from the 1930s economic crisis, different behaviour regarding mortgages
a replication of a psychological experiment failed to show similar results, the original experiment and its conclusions are then considered less trustworthy
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