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history - Coggle Diagram

- - - - aspects of the past stay the same
    - - aspects of the past that do not stay the same
  - - - reasons
    - - outcomes
  - - - objects created or written at the time being investigated
    - - accounts about the past that were created after the time being investigated and which often use or refer to primary sources and presented a particular interpretation
- - - - many mashine guns were capable of firing up to 600 rounds per minute, it was like facing 250 soldiers with standard rifles. heavy artillary guns, similar to cannons could fire shells over a long distance. they were heavy to move and would often get stuck in mud or in bomb craters.
    - - Germany introduced in April 1915.
      - chlorine was blown over enemy trenches, burned and destroyed airways.
      - other gases such as mustard and tear gas were also introduced
    - - British introduced tanks in september 1916. they were successful for overcoming barbed-wire and trenches. the tanks were built so fast that they would frequently break down
    - - zeppelins
        
        were made of a covered cylindrical metal frame filled with gasbags of hydrogen. they could fly higher than other aircrafts. they had very porr accuracy with hitting targets and strong winds could blow them of course.
    - - U-boats
        
        used by Germans to attack and sink trade ships carrying good and vital goods between allied countries
      - sea mines made the north sea very dangerous
  - - - militarism
        
        that all nations build and maintain a strong army so that they are prepared to defend there land and promote their land
      - alliance
        
        europeans leading nations grouped themselves into two alliances:
        triple alliances- Germany, Austria-hungry, Italy
        triple entente- Britain, France, Russia
      - imperialism
        
        imperialism is a policy which a country increases its power by gaining control over new territories to create an empire
      - nationlaism
        
        nationalism is a sense of pride in, and a love of, one's nation. an understanding of common goals and beliefs between the people of a nation
      - the spark
        
        one of the causes of world war one occurred in 1914 where Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip.
- - - - withdraw troops
      - surrender
      - release prisonors of war
      - pay reparations
- - - - the first time Australia had fought in war was as a nation
      - 'Australia became a nation on the shores of Gallipoli'
    - - symbols, traditions and events are used to commemorate; war cemeteries, war memorials and ANZAC Day dawn service(main day for ANZAC Day
      - Remembrance Day
        
        recognition of the sacrifices made in war
        
        1 minute of silence at 11 am
        
        red poppies worn to symbolise the dead
        
        Peom 'In Flanders fields is read'.
- - - - aristocracy
        
        royals who were often landowners and lived off rental income
      - middle class
        
        factory owners, doctors, lawyers with generous incomes who were able to establish their homes on the outskirts of towns and cities.
      - working class
        
        lived closer to factories in slum areas with poor sanitation. average life expectancy was 29 year. crime was widespread. birth rates were low but the population grew.
  - - - enforcing long working hours
      - using cheaper labour in the form of women and childern
    - - childern were seen as ideal employees
        
        they were small enough to fit between the new machinery
        
        they were cheap employees
        
        their families were grateful for the extra income
        
        education was not compulsory, so this was not a concern
      - they started work at the age of four and five
      - jobs were simple, but physically demanding and dangerous
      - they were often orphans, provided to local factories or mills bu local authorities
      - pay was sometimes 20 percent of an adult's, and they were sometimes paid in vouchers to be used at stores owned by the owners.
      - they still could earn more than in the country
      - declined of child labour
        
        social reform
        
        raised the minimum age
        
        shortened the working day
        
        increased wages
        
        introduced some form of education
        
        in some areas they were banned from working