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Industrialization from 1750 to 1900 - Coggle Diagram
Industrialization from 1750 to 1900
Economic Revolutions
3 Factors for Industrialization
Economic Boom
British colonize Africa for resources, then use colonization as a way to distract working class from problems of capitalism
Disease
Cholera
Attention public health
Assembly line model
Each person does specialized labor
By the time the machine goes through assembly line it becomes entire machine
Brings in untrained labor
Ex: Ford
Makes products cheaper
Don’t have to speak English (Foreign Workers)
New Imperialism
Need for new raw materials for factories
-Production became more efficient due to the new technological advances (ex; factories now allowed for more employment)
-No economic stagnation due to constant competition between states
Resources from Colonies
Exchange of Crops
Population growth
Irish Potato Famine
Many Irish moved to the U.S.
Unions formed in England due to Irish not taking all jobs
Worker's Rights
Coal
Boosted Production in Factories
Massive Deposits in England
Increased Smog and Pollution
Enclosure Acts
Trading Companies (Government and Private)
British East India Company, British West India Company, Dutch East India Company, etc.
Sent Military to Protect Trade
Labor
Capital
Natural Resources
Transportation
Steam Ships
Faster Transportation across water
Steam engine increased the efficiency with which goods were produced, leading to the growth of larger cities
Steam Mills increased production time for products
Telegraph
Faster Communication
Railroads
Greater transportation of Bulk Goods
Cecil Rhodes’s railroad means British have access to resources from all over Africa
Further Commute for Workers
Idealogical Revolutions
Reformation → Scientific Revolution →Enlightenment
Power to investigate political and social systems
Reformation
Criticism of the Catholic Church
95 theses by Martin Luther
Selling of indulgences (criticized church for this)
Humanism - “People turned towards themselves for answers instead of looking to priests and the Catholic Church for answers. ” - Mr. Banks
Protestant religions are seen as more humanist as you don’t need priests or the church to achieve salvation
Gutenberg Printing Press - Mass production of the Bible (previously on leather)
Gave public access to religious texts
People began to individualize religion and saw the flaws in the Church
Split from Catholic Church as Protestants
Munster Rebellion
Scientific Revolution (Question the Natural World)
Ideas
Heliocentric vs Geocentric theory
Copernicus and Galileo
Rationalism
Scientific Method
Enlightenment Ideas (question gov’t)
Philosophers
Rousseau
Social Contract
Self-government, direct democracy
Popular Sovereignty
Abolitionism
Feminism
Voltaire
Freedom
Personal Liberties
Religion
Speech
Montesquieu
Parliamentary Style of Government
Separation of Powers
Ideal of senate and emperor from Roman Empire
Wrote about modern balance of powers
John Locke
Natural Rights
Life
Liberty
Property
Kant/Diderot
First Encyclopedias
War Revolutions
Social Problems
Poor were fed up with aristocracy and wealthy class
Unfair Treatment
Unfair Taxation
Basic Inequality
Latin American Creole Revolutions
Creoles vs. Peninsulares
Simon Bolivar
Independence movements in Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru
Haitian Revolution
Toussaint L’Ouverture
slaves of the French colony revolted against white masters and won
Established equality and citizenship for all former enslaved
American Revolution
British North American colonies rebelled against empire of Great Britain
increased taxation without representation on American colonies caused colonists to issue the declaration of independence
inspired by Enlightenment ideals, listed series of grievances with British monarchy
French Revolution
Three estates: clergy, nobility, commoners
each estate had equal voting power but commoners were outvoted and taken advantage of regarding taxation
third estate formed national assembly in defiance of Estates General
issued Declaration of Rights of Man to guide French people toward natural rights
Reign of Terror
Napoleon emerged to put order back into French society but crowned himself as emperor which ended the French Rev
Puerto Rico & Cuba
Spain slowly loses empire
Two of the last Spanish colonies
By 1900, both free from Spain, but U.S. soon assumes control over Puerto Rico as a territory and Cuba is not entirely free
Italian Unification
following collapse of Roman empire, Italy divided among several small kingdoms
nationalism unifies nation under Count di Cavour
German Unification
Nationalism
realpolitik (practical politics) used by Otto von Bismarck to gain land for German nation
nationalism grows from founding in 1871 to world wars
Balkan Nationalism
Ottoman Empire on the decline due to a hesitancy to industrialize
tremendous amount of diversity leads to nationalism among differing ethnic identities and independence for Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania
Nations of Industrialization
Ottoman Empire
goes into debt to Western countries trying to modernize
Internal conflict over Western Power in Ottoman Empire
Nationalism
China
Opium Wars
Boxer Rebellion
Unequal Treaties
Japan
Modernizes
Similar Factors as England
Governments
Supported factories instead of workers