Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Digestive and Urinary System P.1 Evelyn Higareda - Coggle Diagram
Digestive and Urinary System P.1 Evelyn Higareda
MAJOR FUNCTION OF THE DIGESTIVE AND URINARY SYSTEM
mechanical digestion: process of physically breaking down food into smaller pieces
chemical digestion: process of chemically breaking down food into smaller particles
secretion: adjust pH and chemically breaks down food
propulsion: movement of food along digestive tract
ingestion: process of eating
absorption: movement of molecules
kidneys: remove waste products
ureters: narrow tubes that carry urine from kidney to bladder
bladder: store urine
urethra: tubes that allow urine to pass outside of the body
sphincter muscle: helps keep urine from leaking
MAJOR ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE AND URINARY SYSTEM
pancreas: secretes digestive enzymes
liver: process nutrients absorbed
small intestine: muscular tube that breaks down enzymes
gallblader: stores and concentrates bile
stomach: hold food while its being mixed with stomach enzymes
colon: responsible for processing waste
esophagus: receives food when you swallow
rectum: chamber that connect colon to the anus
mouth: help chew into smaller piece which are easier to digest
anus: last part of digestive tract
bladder: store urine
DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
maltase: responsible for breaking down maltose
proteases: break down proteins into amino acids
lipase: breaksdown the fats that we consume
sucrase: breaks down sucrose into the simpler sugars of fructose and glucose
lactase: breaks down the sugar lactose
amylase: digestive enzyme essential for digestion of carbohydrates
LOCATION OF DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF EACH MACROMOLECULE
digestion begins in the mouth and continues as food
through the small intestine absorption occurs in the small intestine
the mechanical and digestive process have the goal to convert food into molecules small enough to be absorbed by the epithelial cells of the intestinal villi although the small intestine is involved in the absorption of water and lipids most absorption of carbohydrates and proteins occur in the jenjunum
it occurs in the stomach where is can go through chemical digestion which is a chemical process in which macromolecules inncluding carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in food are changed into simple nutrients molecules that can be absorbed into body fluids
LAYERS OF THE GI TRACT
submucosa
muscularis propia
innermost layer is the mucosa
outermost layer (adventitia)
serosa
muscularis
surface epithelium contains gastric pits and glands
NEPHRON ANATOMY AND PHSIOLOGY
gastrointestinal disorders include constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, hemorrhoids, anal fissures, perianal abscesses, anal fistulas,etc.
urinary tract infection
each nephron consits of a blood supply and specialized network of ducts (tubule) for each nephron an afferent arteriole feeds a high pressure capillary bed (glomerulus) blood filtered by the glomercules produce a fluid which is caught by the nephron tubule (filtrate)
hepatitis
liver cancer
renal system disease
bartter syndrome
stomach cancer
detached retina
renal cell carcinoma
kidney stones form from urine substances
chronic kidney disease lead to kidney failure
fluid filled cysts can develop in kidneys
DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE AND URINARY SYSTEMS
celiac disease: sensitivity to gluten
crohns disease: part of a group called inflammatory bowel
gallstones: hard deposits that form in your gallblader
ulcerative colitis: an inflammatory bowel disease
GERD: stomach acid backs up into your esophagus