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Factories in Britain. Cotton Industry - Coggle Diagram
Factories in Britain. Cotton Industry
Industrial Revolution describes Britain's economic development from 1760-1840
This change due to new developments in industry
Application of science to industry
Communication
new energy sources e.g coal, steam
Inventions e.g spinning Jenny
Transportation
New raw materials e.g steel, iron, cotton
This change due to new developments in non-industry
Cultural changes
International trade
Political changes
Agricultural changes
Social changes
Psychological confidence in using resources to master nature
Cotton came from West Indies & India from slave plantations
Living + working conditions in factory life
living conditions outside factory
poor housing, over crowding, open sanitation, out breaks of disease e.g. cholera
working conditions inside factory
the air was warm and full of cotton dust, no ventilation,large numbers of workers & noisy also poor sanitation
High rates of disease, accidents & maltreatment, strict & punitive
Maltreatment, beatings, lack of food, irregular breaks, long working hours, no safeguarding of children, sexual assault.
machine accidents were common resulting in, burns, arm & leg injuries, amputation of fingers & limbs, death.
Ear & eye infections, deafness, contagious diseases e.g. smallpox, lung diseases, bronchitis, tuberculosis, byssinosis.
Factory owners employed men, women & children (children as young as 5)
Children from orphanages & children apprentices
Apprentices separated families
local & surrounding families
Shift lengths, women working long hours it fragmented family life
Low wages for both men & women although women earned less then the men for the same work
Factories Act 1833 prevented employment of children under 9 years and shortened the working day to 10 hours with 2 hours education
Comparison of Black Slaves on Plantations to 'White' Slaves in Factories
Adults & children in plantations
Enslavement by definition is 'to control someone by keeping that person in a bad or difficult situation where the person is not free, or to make a slave of someone (person legally owned)
Impact long term has been longer lasting for black slavery
Impact for workers in Britain changed for the better for workers e.g trade unions
Both types of slavery brought about abolition of both eventually.
Slavery still pervades society even today.
Slavery is the basis for both the factories & the plantations
Both needed lots of workers neither cared about who, how or what the working conditions for the workers/slaves were
Safety mattered not, the end goal was the wealth for the owners
Both tolerated by society due to benefits
Child slaves in the factories
Cotton Industry took over the wool Industry due to machines working better than wool
'Cottage' industry went from made at home to factories
Factories needed large numbers of people + to be near transport
People moved from the contry to the City for work
Need inventions meant small scale manufacturers became large scale
Unskilled wokers women + children