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CHAPTER 12 - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 12
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planet, our production and consumption behavior, and the impact of this
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These
include (1) water consumption, (2) deforestation, and (3) energy use
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concludes with an overview of contemporary environmental politics and policies,
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sociologist and demographer, Otis Dudley Duncan (1954) introduced the
concept of the ecological complex to emphasize the systemic, interdependent nature
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population size increases, even when the production and consumption of goods does
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as an essentially natural, peaceful process of gradual transformation from one land
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people raise the demand for food, which, in turn, creates the need to expand the
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the water cycle. If this happens, the fresh water supply will be reduced dramatically.
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Consumption of energy resources such as oil and coal produces several undesirable chemical byproducts, including nitric oxide, particulate matter, and sulfur
dioxide
Malthus believed that these crises were manifested in war, pestilence,
famine, vice and misery, which we refer to today as ecological collapse
pressures of interpersonal relations and the powerful
appeal of mass advertising have turned us into a society of Waste Makers
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household symbolizes nature or a portion of nature, referred to
as an ecosystem or, more broadly, an environment.
Today, ecology has developed into the science of the relationships among living things and their environments
- Everything is related to everything else. The world is a web of relationships.
- Nothing in nature grows indefnitely. This idea is contained in the concept of
carrying capacity
- Relationships between organisms and their environment are very complex.
In fact, virtually all human settlements are located in areas where fresh water is available
As indicated earlier, water quality is very easily destroyed by pollutants, of which
there are several types.
Ultimately, water pollution is a side effect of the production, distribution, and
consumption of goods and services.
One of the most direct causes of deforestation is population pressure. As population density increases, the demand for shelter and inexpensive energy sources, such
as frewood and charcoal, increases.
Energy, in its most basic sense, is the capacity to do work