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a healthy, happily married couple in their early 40s has sought your…

- - - - although condoms could break its a step closer to you not having any kids, better than the withdrawl method because the male pennis is protected from transfering his sperm, so no complete cycle of fertilization will occur
    - - these methods help because it stops one or the other partner from being able to complete fertilization or to transfer sperm from one to another. may be expensive but it is worth it. Will stop men from being able to produce sperm wouldnt be able tol have kids. Woman could later in life get her tubes untied
    - - birth control method lsts for up to 3-5 years super effective, if you want to have kids in future you just get it removed, its like its not even there its so small
  - - - still unprotected intercourse so that doesnt really help what they are looking for, still have a chance of getting pregnant and if you dont have quick access to it, its not useful
    - - not really the option they seem to be looking for , is the most effective but i believe they want better options to still be able to enjoy intercourse
    - - has a higher overall fail rate, they dont want kids so there are always better options
- - - - proliferative
        
        days 6-14 of cycle
        
        development of new functional layer of endometrium
        
        overlaps time of follicle growth and ovary estrogen secretion
      - secretory phase
        
        increased progesterone secretion from corpus luteum
        
        increases vascularization and uterine gland development
        
        days 15-28 of cycle
        
        if fertilization does not occur
      - menstrual phase
        
        sloughing off of the functional layer
        
        last through period of menstrual bleeding
        
        days 1-5 of cycle
      - ovarian cycle and uterine cycle phases
        
        manstrual phase during ovarian follicular phase
        
        proliferative phase during ovarian follicular phase and ovulation
        
        secretory phase during ovarian phase
      - uterine cycle
        
        cyclical changes in endometrial lining
        
        influenced by estrogen and progesterone
        
        timeline based on 28 day uterine cycle, varies (21-35 day)
    - - after menopause
        
        no more ovarian follicles remain/follicle maturation stops
        
        significant amounts of progesterone and estrogen no longer secreted
        
        mormal onset age 45-55
        
        uterine lining no longer growing
        
        no further menstrual periods
        
        woman cease cycling for year, menopause
        
        not pregnant or have other medical condition
      - if secondarfy oocyte is fertilized and impants
        
        mimics effects of LH and continues to stimulate corpus luteum
        
        corpus luteum continues to produce estrogen and progesterone
        
        maintains and builds uterine lining
        
        starts secreting human chronic gonadotropin (hCG)
        
        placenta produces its own progesterone and estrogen after 3 months
        
        called pre-embryo
  - - - produces large amounts of sex hormones
      - affect maturation, development, activity of reproductibe organs
      - ovaries in females ; testes in males
      - produce sex cell gamates
        
        unite at fertilization to initiate formation of new individual
        
        occurs during copulation (coitus)
    - - toward site of fertilization - females
      - toward outside of body - males
      - ducts to carry gametes away from gonads
    - - female gametes, secondary oocytes "eggs"
      - male gametes - sperm
      - cells termed gametes
      - begin with type of cell division, meiosis
    - - carried on 23 pairs of chromosomes in human body cells
      - autosomes
        
        conatin genes coding for cellular functions
        
        help determine most human characteristics
        
        matching autosomes, homologous chromosomes
        
        22 pairs
  - - - prevent sperm from reaching uterine tubes
        
        spermicidal gels
        
        diaphragms
        
        condoms
    - - flexible plastic structures insterted in uterus
      - copper or synthetic progesterone prevent implantation
    - - pull out before ejaculation; high failure rate
    - - prevent LH spike and ovulation
    - - aviod sex during ovulation time
    - - inhibit ovulation
      - take within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse
    - - only 100% way to prevent pregnancy
    - - surgically cutting uterine tubes and tying off ends
      - prevents sperm from reaching uterus