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forces - Coggle Diagram
forces
types of forces
non contact
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gravity
gravity is what keeps us on the ground, because the mass of the earth is so much greater than ours we can not easily escape its force.
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gravity is a pulling force given by every thing with mass. every thing with mass pulls towards everything else with mass using gravity.
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contact
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an example of normal force is gravity pulling to the ground but normal force creating resistance and stopping humans from sinking into the ground.
normal force is a force that prevents objects being pushed though each other by others forces. it creates resistance and is some times called force normal.
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friction
friction is a force that does not start something moving but does slow down and stop other things from moving, it is created by two objects having physical contact
examples of friction include air resistance (drag), a bowling ball being slowed down by the ground its rolling on, and geckos hands and feat sticking to a wall by having a lot of hairs to create large amounts of friction(Van Der Waals forces)
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Van Der Waals forces are a type of friction, it is a week electric force that is commonly on objects, it is created by the electrons of the object and another object will be drawn to each other which will make the objects slightly stick to each other until the weight of the object will disconnected
in science we did an experiment of friction by laying the pages if two books together, when there were not many places where the pages were touching, which was when the groups of pages were larger the textbook came apart easily, but when the groups of pages were overlapping were smaller and were many of them, the friction was increased and made the textbook harder to pull apart.
push
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question: a machine that uses push force is a toaster, when the toast is finished the toaster pushes up a metal rack at the bottom (more questions on one note)
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some examples of push are pushing open a door, pushing down on the keyboard of a computer, pushing in a chair and pushing furniture
push will hit one side of an object and the objects movement
will change direction, start moving
or speed up in the direction the push is coming from, it could also stop moving or slow down if there is already force coming from the opposite direction to the push
twist
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question 1: a push force can be turned into a twist force if another push force is applied on the other way
an example of twist is twisting a jar being opened, a steering wheel being turned or a door nob being turned
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twist is when an object is forced in one direction and then another causing a confliction of directions that the force is coming from
pull
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an example of pull force is when a human pulls open a door, pulls up socks or picks up an object
pull is a force that when it hits an object from one side the object will move in the direction that the force is coming from. if there is an equal force coming from the other side then the object will not move with the push, or if the force from the other side is stronger then the push will only slow down the speed of the object.
simple machines
mechanical advantage
a Mechanical advantage is the ratio of force input compared with the force out put, if the output is greater than the input then there is a mechanical advantage
types
a wheel and axle, a wheel and axle is a device that moves forward by turning in circle (improve)
an incline plane, an incline plane is a mechanism that is a platform at an angle between 90 and 180 degrees.
wedge, a wedge is a mechanism that turns a pushing force into a upwards pushing force underneath a weight
a screw, a screw is a device that turns a pushing or pulling force sideways into a downward force.
lever, a lever is a mechanism that turns a pushinf force on one side of its fulcrum to a pull force on the other side (look on onenote to see mechanical advantage info)
a pulley is a device that moves a pulling force though itself and turns it transfers it out the other side
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