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Digestive/Urinary System - Coggle Diagram
Digestive/Urinary System
Major functions of the digestive & urinary system
Renin
: regulates blood pressure and kidney function
Erythropoietin
: red blood cell production
Mechanical Digestion
: physical breaking of large food pieces into smaller pieces
Chemical Digestion
: Breaks food into simpler chemicals that can be absorbed by cells in the body
Major organs of the digestive & urinary systems
Kidneys
: Major excretory organs; Filters about 200 liters of fluid daily (47 gallon)
Urethra
: Transport urine from bladder to the external environment
Ureters
: Transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Urinary Bladder
: Temporary storage reservoir for urine
Accessory digestive organs
: contribute to the breakdown of foodstuffs
Alimentary canal or gastrointestinal (GI) tract
: digests food and absorbs the building blocks
Disorders of the digestive & urinary system
Glucose (glycosuria)
: cause diabetes mellitus
Proteins (proteinuria)
: cause: pathological: heart failure, severe hypertension, renal disease
Hemoglobin (hemoglobinuria)
: cause transfusion reaction, hemolytic anemia, severe burns, etc
Bile pigments (bilirubinuria)
: cause liver disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis)
Erythrocytes (hematuria)
: cause bleeding (due to trauma, kidney stones, or infection)
Leukocytes (pyuria)
: cause urinary tract infection
Nephron anatomy & physiology
Nephron: structural and functional units of the kidney
Responsible for forming urine
Each nephron consists of a globerulus (capillaries) and renal tubule
Layers of the GI tract (including the stomach):
Most inner layer or lining to the exterior; Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis or muscular layer, serosa
Digestive enzymes
Protease
: protein
Amylase
: Carbohydrates
Lipase
: lipids
Nuclease
: nucleic acids
Tryspin, chymotrypsin, carbooxypeptidase
: protein
location of digestion and absorption of each
macromolecule
Metabolism
: breaking down food and converting it into energy for cells as well as building macromolecules