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Jean Piaget Theory On Cognitive Development - Coggle Diagram
Jean Piaget Theory On Cognitive Development
Stage 1: Sensorimeter (1-2 years)
Wants to touch ,taste everything which he/she is able to grab.
Learns basic motor movement like crawling,walking and running and other simple reflexes.
Object Permanence
Understanding that objects exists independently of one's actions .
Till six months ,the infant thinks that if an object is out of its sight ,then it ceases to exists.
Hence the baby is delighted everytime you cover your face and take it off.
The baby thought you disappeared and came back again.
The foundation
Children are active thinkers trying to construct more advanced understandings of the world .
They view the world very differently from adults .
The understandings are in the form of schemas .
Frameworks to organise knowledge
Assimilation :New knowledge is incorporated into existing schema.
Accommodation: Existing schema is modified to fit in new knowledge.
His Approach
He asked children to solve problems.
Asked how did they come up with the solutions .
Stage 2: Preoperational (2-7 years)
Begins to think in symbolic thoughts .
Makes up imaginary worlds and believes they are true.
Eg; A stick becomes a sword ,towel becomes a cape ,play pretend
Refers to the ability to represent people,objects and events (even those that are not present ) by using internal objects and images .
Extremely curious about everything .Reasoning is not that high level.
Egocentric view
People see the world in the way I perceive it .
For eg: The child is asked to draw an image which looks different when seen from different angles and now the child is asked to draw it from the from the perspective of a person who is seeing it from the opposite side.
Lack of concept of conservation
The volume of water remains the same irrespective of the type of vessel it is poured in .
Stage 3: Concrete Operational Stage( 7-12 years)
Understanding that our own thoughts ,feelings are private and unique
Less egocentric
Learns logical reasoning ,ability to classify information
Understands the concept of conservation
Cannot abstractly reason or think hypothetically
Stage 4:Formal Operational(13 and onwards)
Understands abstract concepts,can scientifically reason and think hypothetically
Empathise with other people and their reasons for behaving the way they did
Philosophize
Feel as though an imaginary audience is watching all the time
Limitations
Did not explain how schemas were formed and how they worked.
Children may themselves not understand what mental process is going and fall short of articulating them