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Pneumonia - Coggle Diagram
Pneumonia
Classification & Epidemiology
HAP
2nd most common HAI
S. aureus, P, aeruginosa, E.coli, K. pneumonia
new onset cough, purulent sputum & XR showing consolidation in patients in hospital >48hrs
immunocompromised
pneumocystitis jiroveci
CAP
primary or secondary
strep pneumonia = most common
more common in extremes of age
aspiration
Differentials
lung cancer
TB
Investigations
bloods - raised WCC, ESR, CRP
pulse ox & ABG
Sputum microbio
CXR
CURB65 to assess severity
Complications
hypotension
lung abscess
resp failure
parapneumonic effusion & emphysema
Risk factors
<16, >65
smoking
alcohol, IVDU
immunosuppression
Clinical presentation
malaise
anorexia
productive cough
dyspnoea and breathlessness
raised RR, HR, low BP
purulent sputum
fever, night sweats
cyanosis and confusion if severe
Management
antibiotics
analgesia
maintain oxygen sats
fluids
Defintion
usually caused by bacteria
lower res tract infection
inflammation of substance of lungs