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Forces - Coggle Diagram
Forces
Balancing forces
Balanced forces is a force when the net force is 0. this means that the object is in a rest state and is in equilibrium
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An obseravtion for a question is that whenever you talk about gravity and forces newton or gallileo always get mentioned and when forces are talked about the normal force is always noted.
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Types of forces
Non-contact Forces
Gravity
Gravity is a non contact force which brings you down back to earth. Gravity makes your mass 10 times or to be more precise 9.8 times as much so if your mass is 2 your weight is 19.6kg.
If gravity weren't a thing then the productivity of human beings would be negligible as you need gravity allows you to walk around.
An example of gravity into play would be when you are walking gravity is helping you or you will be stationary/going nowhere.
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Magnetism
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Magnets are strong but there are things called electromagnetism. This is where electricity is passing through the magnet which gives it 'superpowers'. This means that even a ring will be impossible to come off when the current is live. People who work in this place got through a metal detector first and then set foot in the magnet field.
An example of magnetism would be a AC to DC electrical power plant which supplies energy for the whole suburb. These plants have tons of magnets and a lot of force which is why you need to be careful of what you wear when working there.
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I observed that the magnetic rays can pull things through the table (this was observed on the 14/5/2020 )
Electrostatic
Electrostatic force is when you transfer electrons from one object to another to make it either positive or negative.
When you rub a balloon with a cloth then you run the tap on a small water outlet then the water will deviate to the ballon. (This happens because water is a conductor and the force from the elctrons are pulling on the water.)
Electrostatic force is commonly known with the cat and balloon example when you rub a balloon on the cats body and the hair will stand up.
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I observed that electrostatic force can make your hair spike up when you rub a balloon and put it close to your hair. (Observed on the 14/5/2020)
Contact Forces.
Push
A push is where you apply a force on an object and the object moves whether that be 2mm or 200km. A push is the most commonly used force and you will push something on an average about 30 - 50 times a day. A push can be exerted with lots of forces or very minimal force.
A push is the most commonly used force in daily use and the push was invented by Isaac Newton. He found out that you can Push and Pull things and back in those days that was a big discovery whether as now we push and pull. Not knowing that people 200 - 400 years ago found it fascinating.
An example of a push would be pushing your bag into the locker is to is stuck or it could be pushing a trolley at the supermarket.
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A push force is the most common type of force where a human has to exert a force of an object to make it go or push its way from the human. Push force can be as little as pushing a cup to a countertop or pushing a car. (This was observed on 14/5/2020.)
Pull
Pull is to tug on something for a period of time, this may include pulling someone, something or someone somewhere. Pulling is a common force used in daily life and people pull things lots of times each day without even thinking about it.
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Pulling is key when it comes to sports like tug of war or pulling a bar of chocolate out of your siblings hands .
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I observed that the pull force is a force which can be used if pushing is not an option, pulling is pushing but in the opposite direction. (this was observed on the 14/5/2020)
Twist
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A twist force is commonly used for opening and closing whether that be opening jar, doors or unscrewing something.
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An observation for a twist is that you are always changing the direction of the thing you are twisting whether that is opening a jar or screwing a nail.
Normal
A normal is a force which keeps the object from just sinking into the ground. The force cancels out gravity when it is at an equilibrium state but when it resting on a flat surface.
Did you know that ship in the water also have a normal force so they don't sink to the bottom of the ocean. This force can be called support force or normal force.
An example of the support force in play would be when a book is resting on a table there is gravity (9.8 or 10) acting on it but it doesn't sink to the middle of the earth. The support force is acting on the covered side of the book.
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The normal force is present everywhere (just like gravity) and keeps the object from sinking down to the centre of the earth. I found out that normal force will most likely cancel out gravity. For example when you submerge a balloon underwater you the balloon will resist because of pressure and normal force.(This was observed on 14/5/2020)
Friction
Friction is present everywhere where is it is a friction full surface and it is also found partially on ice as ice has friction but in small quantities.
When a car stops accelerating and it slowly comes to a stop it is because of friction which kicks in. Friction will slow an object down depending on the surface, if it is smooth it will take longer to slow down but if it rocky and rough terrain it will be alot easier.
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Friction is the resistance when an object is moving across the ground and has something touching the ground which is affected by friction which will slow the running object down.
Friction can be used to slow things down. An observation would be when you throw a bowling ball and a feather the bowling ball will fall quicker. But if you have no friction or air resistance then the feather and the bowling ball will fall at the same rate.
Simple Machines
Types
Lever
You will incorporate the lever because it is useful for when you need to lift very heavy loads and you can do it with human power or machines like an excavator. The way a lever work in terms of lifting heavy loads is you have a beam and you have the fulcrum on a few metres from the giant boulder you want to lift. then you have lots of beam which you can push on so you only need to apply 10N of force to lift a 5000N boulder. In this example, the beam would need to be very tall and very long for it to work but the boulder will lift.
Inclined Plane
You will incorporate an inclined plane when you want to move something to an elevation when carrying might be an option but it is really hard. You will also use an inclined plane when you want to lift something to a certain point. To calculate the mechanical advantage for an inclined plane you simply divide the height by the length.
Screw You will incorporate a screw when you need to hold two things together. The reason we have screws and not nails is because with nails you need to apple the force all at once in a perfect world but usually, you need to keep hitting it to make the nail go in. But with a screw, you just need a small amount of twist force and it will do the same amount of job as hammering in a nail.
Wheel and Axle
You will incorporate a wheel and axle when you need to move object distances. You find the mechanical advantage of the wheel and axle by getting the radius of the wheel/the radius of the axle
Pulley
You will incorporate the pulley when you need to lift heavy loads up or down. The key to the most efficient/the most mechanically advantaged pulleys is when there are lots of movable pulleys. For example If I want to lift a 1000N shipping container I can have 500 movable pulleys and I will only need to apply 2N force. A way to calculate the MA is to look at the movable pulleys and then you look at how many strings are attached to the moveable pulleys and there you have it. The mechanical advantage is calculated.
Wedge
You will incorporate a wedge when you need to split wood in the more common examples or you need to cut something in half or split it. The way to calculate the mechanical advantage is to find the length of the wedge and divide that by the width of the wedge. So for example when the height is 6 and the width is 2 then the mechanical advantage will be 3. This mechanical advantage means that when you hit the wedge with 100N force then instead of 100N getting translated left, right and down 300N gets translate left, right and down
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