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Gram Positive Bacteria - Coggle Diagram
Gram Positive Bacteria
Aerobic rods
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Bacillus -- common environmental bacteria, B. anthracis is cause of Anthrax
Brevibacterium -- found in dairy products, associated with fermenting of cheese, rare cause of invasive disease in humans
Corynebacterium -- normal skin flora, mostly innocuous, most notable corynebacterium disease is diphtheria, common clinical culture contaminant
Erysipelothrix -- most commonly an animal pathogen, rarely causes disease in humans (butchers)
Listeria -- most commonly associated with meningitis in humans, commonly transmitted via contaminated food
Rothia -- rare cause of disease in humans, most common disease caused is endocarditis; normal flora in mouth and respiratory tract
Streptomyces -- infrequent human pathogen, majority of useful antibiotics of natural origin come from Streptomyces including streptomycin, tetracycline, vancomycin, daptomycin, cefoxitin, and beta lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid
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Anaerobic rods
Actinomyces -- opportunistic pathogens in humans, usually associated with abscess formation in the mouth, sinuses, lungs, GI tract, and rarely endocarditis
Clostridium -- important human pathogens that can cause a range of disease including antibiotic resistance colitis (c. diff), botulism, food poisoning, gangrene, tetanus, and others
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Propionibacterium -- normal human skin flora, commonly associated with acne, less commonly associated with systemic infections
Anaerobic cocci
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Finegoldia -- normal flora of the skin and mucous membranes, most commonly associated with soft tissue, bone and joint, and diabetic foot infections, commonly found to coexist with other pathogens
Peptostreptococcus -- Normal flora (skin, oral, GI) can potentially cause a wide variety of infections in humans
Aerobic cocci
Aerococcus -- rare cause of UTI, bacteremia, endocarditis
Enterococcus -- common human pathogen, pairs or short chains, normal intestinal flora, generally difficult to treat pathogen
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Granulicatella -- formerly known as nutritionally variant streptococci, rare cause of bacteremia and endocarditis
Leuconostoc -- commonly associated with food fermentation (sourdough, sauerkraut), rare cause of bacteremia, intrinsically resistant to vancomycin
Pediococcus -- commonly associated with food fermentation (sauerkraut), rare cause of bacteremia in patients with underlying GI disease
Staphylococcus -- common human, arranged in clusters, everywhere in the environment and normal to human flora (skin)
Streptococcus -- common human pathogen, arranged in chains and pairs, can be grouped by type of hemolysis, MANY clinically important pathogens, also part of normal human flora (particularly oral and upper respiratory tract)