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Forces - Coggle Diagram
Forces
Contact Forces
Twist
Explanation: Twist is a force that is applied on an object by turning one end when the other is held in position or turned in the opposite direction.
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Observation: The twist force can often involve using a push or pull force. Such as pulling an object closer to you but it's also twisting.
Attributes/characteristics: The twist force is applied in a turning rotation. Usually push or pull is only applied in a straight line, but twist force is applied in either an anti-clockwise or clockwise direction.
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Push
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Observation: Heavier objects have a greater gravitational force, making it fall faster than lighter objects.
Attributes/characteristics: The direction in which the force is applied is away from you. For example, pushing a plate will be moving it away from you. Whereas if you compare it to pull, it would be the other direction (towards you). When you push something, the direction of the force acts in the direction of the mass (eg. pushing a plate. The direction of the force is pointing towards where you are pushing)
Friction
Explanation: Friction is the force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces of objects in contact.
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Fact: there are four types of friction - rolling, static, sliding, and fluid.
Attributes/characteristics: Friction always slows or stops the motion of an object in the opposite direction. The smoother the surfaces are, the less friction there is, therefore the moving object will not slow down as quickly. The heavier an object is, the greater the force of friction becomes.
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Pull
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Fact: the harder you pull an object, the faster it will move along.
Observation: Many objects use the push and pull force such as doors and escalators. This shows that many objects (mechanical systems, etc.) need both push and pull to operate.
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Attributes/characteristics: The pull force brings an object closer to you. Whereas the push force is the opposite - it's moving further away from you. For example, the forces in a tug of war game includes normal (upward force), friction (acts in the opposite direction to its motion), gravity (downward force), and tension (acts in the opposite direction from the mass)
Normal
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Fact: If there was no normal force, then the only force acting upon a (for example) book would be gravity. This would cause the book to fall through the table and everything else until it reached the centre of the earth. Normal force is always perpendicular to the surface.
Example: if a book resting upon a surface, then the surface is exerting an upward force upon the book in order to support the weight of it.
Attributes/characteristics: The normal force prevents solid objects from passing through a surface. If two surfaces are not in contact, then there is no normal force.
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Non-contact forces
Gravity
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Fact: The force of gravity depends on three factors: mass of the larger object, mass of the smaller object, and the distance between them.
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Attribute/characteristics: Gravity is a downward force - it acts in the direction towards the ground. It accelerates objects unless the force is being balanced by another force. Unlike magnetism, gravity always attracts and never repulses.
Observation: The mass and distance of the planet and the sun affects their motion. The further apart they are from each other, and the greater the mass of the planet and sun the slower the planet will travel.
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Magnetism
Explanation: A force that can attract certain objects that are magnetic, but repel objects that are not magnetic.
Fact: Iron, cobalt and nickel are metals that are magnetic. There are three types of magnets: temporary, permanent and electromagnets.
Attributes/characteristics: On a magnet there are two poles: a north and a south pole. Opposite poles repel each other, and the same poles attract to each other. For example, two south poles don't attract, but a south and north pole do. the magnetic force in a magnet flows from the north pole to the south pole. Magnetic field lines never cross each other.
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Electrostatic
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Explanation: Electrostatic is the force that exists between electrically charged particles or objects at rest. Like charges repel each other, whereas unlike charges attract each other.
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Attributes/characteristics: Electrostatic can be both attractive and repulsive unlike gravity which can only be attractive. The relative charges on two objects is what determines whether the force between the charged objects is attractive or repulsive.
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