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Waves - Coggle Diagram
Waves
1.1 Waves transfer energy
Wave
disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another; can transfer energy over a distance without moving matter for the entire distance
Force
required to change the motion of an object
Medium
any substance that a wave moves through
Mechanical Waves
waves that transfer energy through matter
Transverse Waves
direction in which wave travels is perpendicular to the direction of the disturbance
Longitudinal Waves
wave travels in the same direction as the disturbance
1.2 Waves have measurable properties
Crest
highest point or the peak of a wave
Trough
lowest point or valley of a wave
Amplitude
for a transverse wave it is the distance between a line through the middle of a wave and a crest or trough
for an ocean wave it measures how far the wave rises above, or dips below, it original position, called the rest position
indicates how much energy a wave is carrying; the larger the amplitude, the more energy
Wavelength
distance from one wave crest to the very next crest; can also be measured from trough to trough
Frequency
number of waves passing a fixed point in a certain amount
measures how often a wave occurs
often measured by counting the number of crests or troughs that pass by a given pint in one second
Speed
can time how long it takes a wave to get from one point to another
Speed = wavelength x frequency
1.3 Waves behave in predictable ways
Reflection
bouncing back of a wave after it strikes a barrier
Refraction
wave enters a new medium at an angle, it bends, or refracts
Diffraction
spreading out of waves through an opening or around the edge of an obstacle
Interference
meeting and combining of waves