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Lec 29: Epidemiology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Dig Tract
      - Resp Tract
      - Urogenital Tract
  - - - Resp Tract
      - Urogenital Tract
      - Digestive Tract
      - Broken skin
  - - - Not indicidual
        
        pet
      - In individual
    - - Human
        
        can be vaccinated
        
        asymptomatic carriers can spread disease too
        
        have disease and don't know it
      - Animal
        
        Pets
        
        can be vaccinated
        
        live-stock
        
        can be vaccinated
        
        Wild
        
        cannot be controlled
        
        can be occasional host
        
        zoonosis
      - Environmental
        
        soil/water
        
        impossible to irradicate
- - - - mother to baby
        
        transplacental
        
        during birth
        
        Breast Feeding
    - - person to person
      - Contact transmission
        
        Direct
        
        physical touch
        
        :red_cross: survive well outside host
        
        Indirect
        
        person toches item (fomite), then another person touches the item
        
        Droplets
        
        carry meter from infected source
        
        important in crowded settings
      - Fecal-oral
        
        fecally contaimated hand to mouth
      - Foodborne/ waterborne
        
        Camplobacter native flora in chicken
        
        Can infect people
        
        During packaging
        
        animal fertilizer in manure
        
        organic :recycle:
        
        Food processing
        
        Food Prep
        
        cross contamination by fomites
        
        cutting board
        
        Waterborne
        
        wide spread
      - Airborne
        
        droplet nuclei can carry few orgs far
        
        dust = fomite
        
        what to do?
        
        HEPA filter
        
        negative pressure hood/ room
      - Vector Borne
        
        mechanical
        
        biological
  - - - new cases in given time period
    - - total cases in given time
    - - closer contact in winter
      - More immunocompromised in winter
        
        colds
  - - - many cases all at once
    - - host to host
      - low incidence
      - slow onset
  - - - notable increase in incidence local areas
    - - Multiple continents
    - - present in some reservoir in population
- - - - rat patrol
    - - knowing who is positive with disease
      - notifiable diseases
    - - smallpox
      - polio is close
  - - - pop shifts
        
        vector
        
        mosquito
      - travel
      - war, famine, refugee
      - new superbugs
  - - - sick & immunocompromised people
      - health care workers
    - - medical device
      - airborne
        
        ventilation
    - - Less E. coli
        
        Urinary tract
      - Less Skin infection
      - Respirtory
        
        More since more patients
      - Gastrointestinal increase
        
        C. diff
    - - Hand wash
      - Glove
      - Mask & eyeware
      - supplemental
      - Private rooms
        
        Cohorts