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AQA Chemistry - Topic 9 - Chemistry of the Atmosphere, Carbon In Fossil…
AQA Chemistry - Topic 9 - Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Phrase 1
Scientists belive that the intense volcanic activity created the atmosphere
The Early atmosphere was made up of mostly carbon dioxide with little or no O2(g)
Volcanic activity also released Nitorgen. This built up in the atmosphere as well as water vapour and small amounts of methane and ammonia
The Earth's atmosphere to began with was filled with volcanic activity.
Phrase 2
When water vapour in the amosphere condensed, it formed oceans
Consequently, carbon dioxide was removed from the atmosphere as it dissolved within the oceans.
4.Simple organisms such as Green plants and algre envolved and absorbed some of the carbon dioxide, as they carried out photosynethesis.
Phrase 3
As well as abosrbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, green agle and simple organisms produced oxygen by the process of
photosynethesis
About
2.7 billion years ago
algae envolved first
Then over the next
billion years ago
green plants ablso evolved
As oxygen levels increased more
complex life
(like animals) evolved.
The Atmosphere Today
1) Eventually about
200 million years ago
, the atmosphere reached a composition to how it is
today
approximately
80% Nitrogen
appoximately
20% Oxygen
small amount of gases (each making up less than 1%) mainly
carbon dioxide, noble gases and water vapour
Climate change and Green Houses Gases
1)
Green House
gases such as
carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour
act like an insulating layer in the Earth's atmosphere
2) Green houses don't absorb the
income short wavelength
radiation from the sun.
Carbon In Fossil Fuels and Rocks
1) When organisms underwater (plants, plankton and marine animals) die, they fall to the seabed where they get buried by layers of sediment
2) Millions of years later, they become compressed and they form sedimentary rocks, oil and gas. As a result they trap the carbon within them - helping to keep it out of the atmosphere
3) Coal, cude oil and natural gases that are made by this process are called
fossil fuels
4)
Crude oil
and
natural gas
are fomred by the deposits of plankton. These fossil fuels as a result form reservoirs under the seabed when they become trapped in rocks
5)
Coal
is an example of a
sedimentary rock
made from thick
plant deposits
6)
Limestone
is also a sedimentary rock, however, it's mostly made from
calcium
and
carbonate
for the remains of skulls and skeltons of maraine organisms
The evolution of the atmosphere -
Following from this, maraine animals evolved. Thie remains contain some carbonates from the ocean.