Other
Electron configuration
1
Ionisation energy
1st I.E
You have to put energy in =endothermic process
The energy required to remove on electron from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions
**O(g) ------ O+(g) + e-
The lower it is, the easier it is to form an ion
Factors affecting
NUCLEAR CHARGE
RADIUS
SHIELDING
a high I.E = a high attraction between the electron and nucleus so more energy is required to remove the electron
Successive ionisation energies
Within each shell they increase.
The electrons are being removed from an increasingly positive ion
There's less repulsion in the remaining electrons
Greater nuclear attraction
Big jumps = new shell e- is removed from a shell closer to the nucleus
Trends in 1st IE
Decrease down a group
Increase across
Number of shells increases = shielding
Number of protons increases
Drops between 2+3
Drops between 5+6
Periodicity
Atomic radius decreases across a period
IE increases across
SHAPES OF MOLECULES