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Past Perfect and Past perfect continuous - Coggle Diagram
Past Perfect and Past perfect continuous
Past perfect
use
to talk about actions that were completed before some point in the past.
structure
(+)
had + [past participle]
(-)
not + had + [past participle]
(?)
had + [subject] + [past participle]
example
(+) He had visited me three times before (-) She hadn't listened to me and so she was lost
(?) Had John ever been to the USA before?
time expressions
Just, already, yet, ever, never, etc
Past perfect continuous
structure
(+)
had + been + present participle
(-)
had + not + been + present participle
(?)
had + subject + been + present participle
use
action started in the past and continued up to another point in the past.
examples
(+) You had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.
(-) You had not been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.
(?) Had you been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived?