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2020 Year 10 History - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Identifying links between cause and effect is important.
      - Cause = why
      - Examine, analyse and identify the reasons why an event has occurred and the resulting outcomes/consequences.
      - Effect = what
    - - Helps us appreciate the circumstances they faced, motivations, values and attitudes behind their actions.
      - Helps us understand the impact of past events on individuals or groups.
      - Viewing events from all sides and POV's
    - - Influences how history is perceived/recorded.
      - A persons Point of view
        
        How they see and understand the events going on around the world.
    - - Continuity
        
        Aspects of the past that stay the same
      - Change
        
        Aspects of the past that do not stay the same.
      - Can be identified over long and short periods of time.
    - - Primary sources
        
        Objects created or written at the time being investigated
      - Secondary Sources
        
        Accounts about the past created after the time being investigated. often refers to the Primary Sources.
      - Information gathered form historical sites.
    - - Historians studying the same sources can sometimes come to very different conclusions about what the evidence is telling them
      - Explanations or interpretations of past events that are open for debate.
    - - Helps you make judgements of what events are worth studying.
      - Importance assigned to the aspects of the past.
        
        discoveries
        
        developments
        
        movements
        
        people
        
        events
        
        historical sites
  - - - Roaring 20's
        
        1920's
        
        economies did well
        
        There was mass production and technology
        
        countries that won WWI prospered
        
        Consumerism began
        
        Hollywood movie industry boomed
        
        Womens liberation began.
      - Treaty of Versailles
        
        Winners of WWI forced Germany to sign the treaty, accepting blame for the war.
        
        Don't sign = invasion of Germany
        
        Took German territory
        
        Limited the size of their army
        
        Forced Germany to pay reparations.
      - League of Nations
        
        Big group of countries
        
        made to prevent further wars
        
        similar to todays UN.
        
        Idea was originally US president Woodrow Wilsons
        
        US did not join.
      - The Great Depression
        
        Economies slowed
        
        Prices of consumer goods dropped.
        
        no profit for companies = job losses
        
        new York stock exchange crashed
        
        Began 1929
        
        Countries that lost WWI struggled greatly.
- - - - Japan
      - Taiwan
      - Singapore
      - Pretty much anywhere were the Japanese occupied during the war.
      - Malaya
        
        15,000 in Malaya and Singapore.
    - - The Japanese
    - - Because the Japanese wanted to use the Aussies to build the Thailand to Burma railway
      - Some of the allied soldiers had knowledge of what the Japanese wanted to do.
      - The Japanese hoped they would be able to extract information or confessions out of the allied soldiers.
    - - Perspectives
        
        Aussie soldiers (TEEL paragraph)
        
        During WWII the Japanese mistreated enemy Prisoners of War (POWs.) A high number of the people kept away at the Japanese POWs died due to disease, mistreatment and malnutrition. While being kept prisoner, around 13,000 men were forced to work on the Thailand-Burma railway. 2,800 of these people died. Another way the Japanese mistreated the POWs was the Sandakan death march. Of the 3000 that set off, only 6 men survived and those men were later shot dead. This was only the beginning of the ways the Japanese mistreated the POWs.
        
        Japanese soldiers (TEEL paragraph)
        
        ALLIED SOLDIERS SOULD BE HONOURED TO DIE AT THE BLADE OF A JAPANESE WARRIOR-->
        Allied soldiers deserved to be honoured to die at the blade of a Japanese warrior. Allied soldiers fought for their country, the same way the Japanese soldiers did, therefore they should be honoured. The Japanese officers believed in the Bushido code, which states that prisoners were disgraced persons and hence they should not be treated well. It would be more honourable for the allied soldiers to be killed by the Japanese then forced to suffer.
      - What they endured
        
        disease
        
        malnutrition
        
        beatings
        
        mistreatment
        
        death walks
        
        Very bad sanitation
        
        Forced labour
      - Why were they treated that way
        
        The Japanese believed that the Aussies had dishonoured their country and that because of that they didn't deserve to be treated well.
      - Evidence of the Japanese treating the POWs badly
        
        22,000 Aussies captured by Japanese.
        
        By 1945, 8,000 had died.
        
        Japanese used them as forced labour to build the Burma Railway (Thailand to Burma).
        
        13,000 Aussies forced to work.
        
        2,800 died of malnutrition, disease and beating
        
        Japan refused to follow the GENEVA CONVENTION.
        
        Sandakan Death marches:
        
        January- Forced 470 men to walk 260km, only 350 survived the ordeal.
        
        May- 500 POWs set off, only 203 survived.
        
        Those who remained were shot on August 1. 6 out of 3000 survived.
        
        Food was Scarce- Each prisoner was only allowed one cup of water and a small portion of corn, soy meal and rice each day.
        
        Forced to work 12 hour days.
- - - - The winners of the war forced Germany to sign the treaty of Versailles, accepting the blame for the war.
      - If Germany didn't sign, the winners would invade Germany.
      - Treaty took:
        
        Took German territory and gave it to the Allied Powers.
        
        Limited the size of the German army to 100,000 men
        
        Forced Germany to pay Reparations of 7 billion pound ($526 billion AUS)
    - - Appeasement = Choosing to ignore someone abusing power/doing something morally wrong in order to avoid conflict.
      - Hitler violated the treaty of Versailles by:
        
        Increasing the size of the military
        
        Reintroducing conscrption
        
        Re-establishing the air force.
        
        Increasing the production of weapons and ammunition.
      - When Hitler broke the Treaty, Britain and France's response was to tolerate and ignore Hitlers action in the hope that it would avoid a war.
      - Why France and Britain adopted the policy of appeasement.
        
        They believed that giving into their demands would avoid another war.
        
        Neither country could afford to go to war again as both countries economies suffered after WWI.
        
        The countries believed the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany.
    - - Nazi Party
        
        Hitler was elected as the chairman of the party in 1921
        
        In 1933, Hitler was appointed Chancellor for Germany
        
        Hitler fought in WWI and resented the restrictions placed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles
        
        Attempted but failed to seize power in 1923
        
        November 1932 the Nazi Party received 37.3% of votes (more than any other party)
      - Nazism
        
        Characterised by the strong and charismatic leadership of Hitler, supported by a small, powerful inner circle of people
        
        Nazi Virtues
        
        German nationalism
        
        anti-communism
        
        Germans superior to all other races
        
        antisemitism
        
        Believed that Germany was not defeated, but betrayed by socialists and Jews on the home front
      - The third Reich
        
        The period where Hitler put his beliefs into practice
        
        Little or no personal freedom
        
        People were encouraged to report on friends, neighbours, and even family members suspected of disloyalty
        
        Propaganda and large rallies were used to convince citizens of the legitimacy of the regime and to silence critics
        
        Punishments for breaking Hitlers rules
        
        Punishments were severe and often involved torture and internment in concentration camps
        
        Jews were the primary targets, as well as those associated with free thinking (e.g. professors, writers etc.)
        
        Ceremonies, uniforms, symbols, marches, music and rallies were used by the Nazis to create a sense of belonging and show strength
        
        Attempts were made to gain the support of young people through Hitler Youth
    - - How the Great Depression effected germany
        
        Price Raises
        
        Fall in the standard of living
        
        No Profit for companies = Job losses
        
        Mass Unemployments.
        
        Workers went on strike
        
        German currency depreciated
        
        Economy suffered greatly as foreign investors moved their money out of Germany.
      - How WWI changed the German government.
        
        The Emperor stood down
        
        A democratic approach began
        
        The Weimer Republic
        
        Germany adopted
        
        Communism
        
        Fascism
        
        Militarism
- - - - Jobs women did
        
        cooking
        
        Sewing
        
        Nursing
        
        Fundraising
        
        House based work
        
        Like cleaning.
        
        Knitting
        
        Administering first aid
      - Why they did these jobs.
        
        Women did housework because back those were the roles that were traditionally reserved for women
        
        People didn't expect women to be able to do farm/factory work.
    - - Jobs women did
        
        250 women were allowed to join the RAAF as radio operators
        
        Royal Australian Air Force
        
        Joined the Australians women army service
        
        AWAS
        
        Women's Royal Australian Naval Service was started to provide help for the men going out to sea
        
        Women weren't actually allowed to go to sea
        
        WRANS
        
        The Women's Auxiliary Air force set up
        
        Provide signals and maintenance services to support the royal Australian air force
        
        Women learned how to drive trucks and motorcycles and operate machinery so they could work on the farms.
      - Why they did these jobs
        
        Women stepped into more traditionally men jobs during the war as all the men were away and they needed to do these jobs in order to survive
        
        The war effort needed more help so the women started setting up all female organisations so they could help from home
    - - Women moved from traditionally female roles before the war into traditionally male roles during and after.
      - Women started putting in efforts towards the war
        
        starting organisations.
        
        doing more then just staying at home
      - The men were away at war so women took over their roles
- - - - June, 1944
    - - set during the invasion of Normandy
      - Ohama Beach
      - Ruined French village of Ramelle.
    - - Soldiers land on the beach and fight their way inland.
      - Leaders realise that a mother has lost 3 of four sons form the war and sends a group of soldiers off to retrieve him from the battlefield and bring him home.
      - Find the wrong person to start with
      - Once the group of soldiers find Private Ryan, they set off bringing him home to his mum
- - - - Why did we do this exercise?
        
        We did this exercise to gain empathy towards what the soldiers experienced and to have a good look into what the soldiers were thinking and feeling while away fighting.
    - - Why was it significant
        
        Kokoda was significant because it stopped the Japanese advances across the Pacific into Australia
        
        Without Kokoda, Australia probably would have been over taken by the Japanese and we would all be run by them now.
      - Conditions faced by soldiers
        
        Soldiers faced Mountains and rainforest terrain.
        
        Diseases
        
        Gangrene
        
        Tropical Ulcers
        
        Malaria
        
        Malnurishment
        
        Rain 70% of the time and very high levels of humidity 100% of the time
        
        Rainforest conditions
      - What was it?
        
        One of Australia's most successful campaign during WW2
        
        The Japanese planned to use the Kokoda Trail to advance on the city and form a base for attacking the Australian mainland.
        
        The track runs over mountains and cuts through around almost 100 kilometres of dense jungle. All supplies had to be carried as much of the track could only be travelled on foot.
        
        600 Australians were killed and 1600 wounded. The Japanese had more than 10,000 fatalities.
        
        The Kokoda Trail was a crucial point in stopping the Japanese advance across the Pacific and towards Australia.
    - - What?
        
        Tobruk was a strategically important area for the allies and them having it controlled ultimately stopped the Germans control over the oil fields and canal.
      - Why?
        
        Tobruk was important as it delayed the Germans advances on the Suez canal and the Persian Gulf and put the Germans at a disadvantage.
    - - Because it allowed ocean access for boats to help the Aussies fighting in tobruk.
    - - Dec 1941 Japan entered the war
      - January 1942 Malaya fell
      - February 1942 Singapore taken by Japan. 15000 Aussie prsoners
      - DARWIN BOMBED
      - June 1942 troops of the Papaun infantry advanced
      - July-November 1942, Australia repelled Japan on the Kokoda trail.
      - September 1942, Kitty hawk fighters destroyed Japanese barges.
      - October 1942, Battle of El Alemein
      - November 1942, Australians regained Kokoda.
      - January 1943, Papaun campaign ended when Japan Surrendered
      - March 1943, Battle of the Bismarck sea began
      - September 1943, Australians captured Lae and Salamaua
      - April 1944, Japan defeated in PNG.